A key debate in the psychology of ideology is whether leftists and rightists are psychologically similar or different. A long-standing view holds that left-wing and right-wing people are meaningfully different from one another across a whole host of basic personality and cognitive features. Scholars have recently pushed back, suggesting that left-wing and right-wing people are more psychologically similar than distinct. We review evidence regarding the psychological profiles of left-wing and right-wing people across a wide variety of domains, including their dispositions (values, personality, cognitive rigidity, threat-sensitivity, and authoritarianism), information processing (motivated reasoning and susceptibility to misinformation), and their interpersonal perceptions and behaviors (empathy, prejudice, stereotyping, and violence). Our review paints a nuanced picture: People across the ideological divide are much more similar than scholars sometimes appreciate. And yet, they differ—to varying degrees—in their personality, values, and (perhaps most importantly) in the groups and causes they prioritize, with important implications for downstream attitudes and behavior in the world.

中文翻译：

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意识形态：重新审视意识形态光谱中的心理异同


意识形态心理学的一个关键争论是左派和右派在心理上是相似还是不同。一个长期存在的观点认为，左翼和右翼在一系列基本性格和认知特征上彼此之间存在有意义的差异。学者们最近进行了反驳，认为左翼和右翼的人在心理上更多的是相似而不是不同。我们回顾了有关左翼和右翼人士在各个领域的心理特征的证据，包括他们的性格（价值观、个性、认知僵化、威胁敏感性和威权主义）、信息处理（动机推理和对错误信息的敏感性）以及他们的人际感知和行为（同理心、偏见、刻板印象和暴力）。我们的评论描绘了一幅微妙的画面：跨越意识形态鸿沟的人比学者有时欣赏的要相似得多。然而，他们在个性、价值观以及（也许最重要的是）他们优先考虑的群体和事业方面存在不同程度的差异，这对世界上下游的态度和行为产生了重要影响。