This paper shows that there is superlinear scaling of vacancies with employment size. That is, there are disproportionally more vacancies relative to employment in urban areas, not just for overall employment, but also for occupational and educational classes. Hence vacancies are more strongly concentrated than the jobs to which they refer. Moreover, we find that, compared to all employment, the concentration of labour demand increases with required skill levels. We show that the stronger growth of jobs in cities is unable to explain this finding and propose an alternative explanation based on vacancy chains in spatially related labour markets. The results suggest that on-the-job searchers have better possibilities in cities to improve their position. This helps explain the higher mobility of especially younger workers in cities and the superior quality of job-worker matches in large labour markets.

中文翻译：

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城市劳动力市场是否更具活力？职位空缺和城市规模


本文表明，职位空缺随就业规模呈超线性尺度。也就是说，相对于城市地区的就业岗位，职位空缺不成比例地多，不仅在整体就业方面，而且在职业和教育类别方面也是如此。因此，职位空缺比它们所指的工作更集中。此外，我们发现，与所有就业相比，劳动力需求的集中度随着所需技能水平的增加而增加。我们表明，城市就业的强劲增长无法解释这一发现，并提出了基于空间相关劳动力市场空缺链的替代解释。结果表明，在职求职者在城市有更好的机会提高他们的地位。这有助于解释城市中尤其是年轻工人的流动性更高，以及大型劳动力市场中工人与工人匹配的高质量。