The genus Brassica includes six species and over 15 types of vegetables that are widely cultivated and consumed globally. This group of vegetables is rich in bioactive compounds, including glucosinolates, vitamins (such as vitamin C, folate, tocopherol, and phylloquinone), carotenoids, phenols, and minerals, which are crucial for enriching diets and maintaining human health. However, the full extent of these phytonutrients and their significant health benefits remain to be fully elucidated. This review highlights the nutrient compositions and health advantages of Brassica vegetables and discusses the impacts of various processing methods on their nutritional value. Additionally, we discuss potential strategies for enhancing the nutrition of Brassica crops through agronomic biofortification, conventional breeding, and biotechnological or metabolic engineering approaches. This review lays the foundation for the nutritional improvement of Brassica crops.

中文翻译：

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芸苔属蔬菜 - 被低估的营养金矿


芸苔属包括六个物种和超过 15 种蔬菜，在全球范围内广泛种植和消费。这组蔬菜含有丰富的生物活性化合物，包括硫代葡萄糖苷、维生素（如维生素 C、叶酸、生育酚和叶绿醌）、类胡萝卜素、酚类和矿物质，这些化合物对丰富饮食和维持人类健康至关重要。然而，这些植物营养素的全部范围及其显着的健康益处仍有待充分阐明。这篇综述重点介绍了芸苔属蔬菜的营养成分和健康优势，并讨论了各种加工方法对其营养价值的影响。此外，我们还讨论了通过农艺生物强化、常规育种和生物技术或代谢工程方法增强芸苔属作物营养的潜在策略。该综述为芸苔属作物的营养改良奠定了基础。