Lung injury is closely associated with the heterogeneity, severity, mortality, and prognosis of various respiratory diseases. Effective monitoring of lung injury is crucial for the optimal management and improved outcomes of patients with lung diseases. This review describes acute and chronic respiratory diseases characterized by significant lung injury and current clinical tools for assessing lung health. Furthermore, we summarized the mechanisms of lung cell death observed in these diseases and highlighted recently identified biomarkers in the plasma indicative of injury to specific cell types and scaffold structure in the lung. Last, we propose an artificial intelligence-driven lung injury monitoring model to assess disease severity, and predict mortality and prognosis, aiming to achieve precision and personalized medicine.

中文翻译：

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肺损伤的叙述性综述：机制、生物标志物和监测


肺损伤与各种呼吸系统疾病的异质性、严重程度、死亡率和预后密切相关。有效监测肺损伤对于肺病患者的最佳管理和改善预后至关重要。本综述描述了以严重肺损伤为特征的急性和慢性呼吸系统疾病以及当前评估肺部健康的临床工具。此外，我们总结了在这些疾病中观察到的肺细胞死亡机制，并强调了血浆中最近发现的表明肺中特定细胞类型和支架结构损伤的生物标志物。最后，我们提出了一种人工智能驱动的肺损伤监测模型来评估疾病的严重程度，并预测死亡率和预后，旨在实现精准和个性化的医疗。