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Mapping the interfacial energetic landscape in organic solar cells reveals pathways to reducing non-radiative losses
Matter ( IF 17.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2024.10.007
Gaurab J. Thapa, Mihirsinh Chauhan, Jacob P. Mauthe, Daniel B. Dougherty, Aram Amassian

Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells have made remarkable inroads toward 20% power conversion efficiency, yet non-radiative recombination losses (ΔVnr) remain high. Here, we spatially map the energetic landscape of BHJs and ascribe charge transfer (CT) states to each interface, revealing where non-radiative recombination losses occur. We do so by locally mapping the energy distributions of modern PM6-based BHJs using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in combination with sensitive external quantum efficiency (s-EQE) analysis. The non-radiative energy losses are dictated by a combination of the singlet (S1) to CT energy offset (ΔES1-CT) and the interfacial energetic disorder. PM6:Y6 achieves low ΔVnr by forming a sharp donor/acceptor (D/A) interface with low interfacial disorder that can be tuned by judicious formulation and processing of the BHJ. The emerging design rule for low ΔVnr in modern non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) is to achieve sharp D/A interfaces with minimized ΔES1-CT and low interfacial electronic disorder of both D and A components.

中文翻译:


绘制有机太阳能电池中的界面能量图谱揭示了减少非辐射损失的途径



体异质结 (BHJ) 有机太阳能电池在 20% 的功率转换效率方面取得了显著进展,但非辐射复合损耗 (ΔVnr) 仍然很高。在这里,我们在空间上绘制了 BHJ 的能量景观,并将电荷转移 (CT) 状态归因于每个界面,揭示了非辐射复合损耗发生的位置。我们通过使用扫描隧道显微镜 (STM) 结合敏感的外部量子效率 (s-EQE) 分析来局部绘制基于 PM6 的现代 BHJ 的能量分布。非辐射能量损失由单线态 (S1) 到 CT 能量偏移 (ΔES1-CT) 和界面能量无序的组合决定。PM6:Y6 通过形成具有低界面无序的尖锐供体/受体 (D/A) 界面来实现低 ΔVnr,这可以通过 BHJ 的明智配方和加工来调整。现代非富勒烯受体 (NFA) 中低 ΔVnr 的新兴设计规则是实现尖锐的 D/A 界面,具有最小的 ΔES1-CT 和 D 和 A 组分的低界面电子紊乱。
更新日期:2024-10-30
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