Electrodeposition is being investigated as an alternative method for developing large-area perovskite active layers for carbon-based solar cells. This study focuses on incorporating the 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI) additive into the established MAPbI₃ perovskite. Previous research has shown that 5-AVAI can enhance the performance and stability of similar solar cells produced via spin-coating, drop-casting, or inkjet printing. However, its impact on solar cells with electrodeposited active layers remains unexplored. This research investigated the synthesis and characterization of mixed 3D–2D perovskites in the (MAPbI₃)_1–x((AVA)₂PbI₄)_x family processed by electrodeposition. By varying both the conversion times and 5-AVAI concentrations, we analyzed the structural, optical, and photovoltaic properties of these novel perovskites. An intricate interplay between the conversion parameters and the perovskite properties is evident. Notably, photovoltaic devices with a specific quantity of 5-AVAI showed a 65% enhancement in the power conversion efficiency after 150 h of post-treatment at 40 °C under vacuum. These findings open the way to the improved performance of electrodeposited MAPbI₃ perovskites.

中文翻译：

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电沉积 MAPbI3 钙钛矿的光伏效率优化：碘化铵戊酸添加剂的影响


电沉积作为开发碳基太阳能电池大面积钙钛矿活性层的替代方法正在研究中。本研究的重点是将 5-铵戊酸碘化物 （5-AVAI） 添加剂掺入已建立的 MAPbI₃ 钙钛矿中。先前的研究表明，5-AVAI 可以提高通过旋涂、滴铸或喷墨打印生产的类似太阳能电池的性能和稳定性。然而，它对具有电沉积活性层的太阳能电池的影响仍未得到探索。本研究研究了通过电沉积处理的 （MAPbI₃）_1–x（（AVA）₂PbI₄）_x 家族中混合 3D-2D 钙钛矿的合成和表征。通过改变转换时间和 5-AVAI 浓度，我们分析了这些新型钙钛矿的结构、光学和光伏特性。转换参数和钙钛矿特性之间错综复杂的相互作用是显而易见的。值得注意的是，在真空条件下，在 40 °C 下经过 150 小时的后处理后，具有特定量 5-AVAI 的光伏器件的功率转换效率提高了 65%。这些发现为提高电沉积 MAPbI₃ 钙钛矿的性能开辟了道路。