Billions of fishes are kept in captivity for research and food production world‐wide, with a strong impetus for maintaining high welfare standards. Accordingly, the importance of empirical research into the welfare and husbandry of captive fishes is increasingly acknowledged in both science and aquaculture, alongside growing public and governmental interest. Physical enrichment can have an important influence on welfare in of captive fishes, but many questions remain. Here, we summarise the current state of research and outline knowledge gaps in the area of physical enrichment, which is a fundamental aspect to improving welfare of captive fishes. To explore the level of research interest this area across time we conducted a series of surveys, using the number of papers published per year as a metric. These surveys highlight that work on fish welfare, while representing a relatively low proportion of fish research overall, is increasing rapidly. For species that are of aquaculture importance or used commonly as laboratory subjects, we show a positive relationship between general research interest and number of welfare‐related papers. However, for many, particularly relatively less studied, species the proportion of papers on enrichment remains low, with a slower increase compared to welfare‐related papers in general. In terms of common metrics used to quantify fish welfare, there is a reliance on growth and behaviour, with scope for inclusion and combination of a more comprehensive range of reproducible measures. We finish by highlighting recent progress, promising areas for future research and suggestions for advances in this area.

中文翻译：

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缩小鱼类福利方面的差距：在物质丰富方面开展更多基础工作的理由


全世界有数十亿条鱼类被圈养用于研究和食品生产，这有力地推动了维持高福利标准。因此，随着公众和政府的兴趣日益浓厚，科学和水产养殖界都越来越认识到对圈养鱼类福利和饲养的重要性。身体富集会对圈养鱼类的福利产生重要影响，但仍然存在许多问题。在这里，我们总结了研究的现状，并概述了身体富集领域的知识差距，这是改善圈养鱼类福利的一个基本方面。为了探索该领域在不同时期的研究兴趣水平，我们以每年发表的论文数量为指标，进行了一系列调查。这些调查强调，鱼类福利工作虽然在鱼类研究中的整体比例相对较低，但正在迅速增加。对于具有水产养殖重要性或通常用作实验室主题的物种，我们表明一般研究兴趣与福利相关论文的数量之间存在正相关关系。然而，对于许多物种，特别是研究相对较少的物种来说，关于富集的论文比例仍然很低，与一般的福利相关论文相比，增长速度较慢。就用于量化鱼类福利的常用指标而言，依赖于生长和行为，并有纳入和组合更全面的可重复措施的范围。最后，我们强调了最近的进展、未来研究的有希望的领域以及对该领域进展的建议。