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Structure-guided discovery of bile acid derivatives for treating liver diseases without causing itch
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.001
Jun Yang, Tianjun Zhao, Junping Fan, Huaibin Zou, Guangyi Lan, Fusheng Guo, Yaocheng Shi, Han Ke, Huasheng Yu, Zongwei Yue, Xin Wang, Yingjie Bai, Shuai Li, Yingjun Liu, Xiaoming Wang, Yu Chen, Yulong Li, Xiaoguang Lei

Chronic itch is a debilitating symptom profoundly impacting the quality of life in patients with liver diseases like cholestasis. Activation of the human G-protein coupled receptor, MRGPRX4 (hX4), by bile acids (BAs) is implicated in promoting cholestasis itch. However, the detailed underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identified 3-sulfated BAs that are elevated in cholestatic patients with itch symptoms. We solved the cryo-EM structure of hX4-Gq in a complex with 3-phosphated deoxycholic acid (DCA-3P), a mimic of the endogenous 3-sulfated deoxycholic acid (DCA-3S). This structure revealed an unprecedented ligand-binding pocket in MRGPR family proteins, highlighting the crucial role of the 3-hydroxyl (3-OH) group on BAs in activating hX4. Guided by this structural information, we designed and developed compound 7 (C7), a BA derivative lacking the 3-OH. Notably, C7 effectively alleviates hepatic injury and fibrosis in liver disease models while significantly mitigating the itch side effects.

中文翻译:


结构引导发现用于治疗肝脏疾病而不引起瘙痒的胆汁酸衍生物



慢性瘙痒是一种使人衰弱的症状,会严重影响胆汁淤积等肝病患者的生活质量。胆汁酸 (BAs) 激活人 G 蛋白偶联受体 MRGPRX4 (hX4) 与促进胆汁淤积性瘙痒有关。然而,详细的潜在机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们确定了在有瘙痒症状的胆汁淤积患者中升高的 3-硫酸化 BAs。我们解决了 hX4-Gq 与 3-磷酸脱氧胆酸 (DCA-3P) 复合物中 hX4-Gq 的冷冻电镜结构,DCA-3P 是内源性 3-硫酸脱氧胆酸 (DCA-3S) 的模拟物。这种结构揭示了 MRGPR 家族蛋白中前所未有的配体结合口袋,突出了 BA 上的 3-羟基 (3-OH) 基团在激活 hX4 中的关键作用。在这些结构信息的指导下,我们设计并开发了化合物 7 (C7),一种缺乏 3-OH 的 BA 衍生物。值得注意的是,C7 可有效缓解肝病模型中的肝损伤和纤维化,同时显着减轻瘙痒副作用。
更新日期:2024-10-29
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