Aqueous Mg–air batteries are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage, but their practical application is significantly hindered by water-induced parasitic reactions and the chunk effect. In this study, taurine (Tau) is an effective electrolyte additive for aqueous Mg–air batteries utilizing various magnesium anodes. The non-sacrificial Tau molecules, possessing both donor and acceptor groups, disrupt the inherent hydrogen bond network of H₂O and replace solvated H₂O in the Mg²⁺ solvation sheath, forming dynamic adsorption on Mg and creating a hydrophobic electric double layer. Consequently, taurine inhibits H₂O attack on Mg, promoting uniform Mg stripping. An appropriate amount of Tau not only enhances the discharge activity of the AZ31 anode but also suppresses its self-discharge phenomenon, achieving a surprising effect of simultaneously boosting voltage and anode utilization. Therefore, 0.2 M Tau was identified as the optimal electrolyte concentration and successfully incorporated in Mg–air batteries utilizing various routine Mg anodes (such as VW83, VW103, and LA103Z). The results demonstrate that Tau effectively enhances the discharge properties for Mg–air batteries employing various magnesium anodes.

中文翻译：

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使用牛磺酸电解质添加剂在水性 Mg-air 电池中实现高功率密度和稳定性


水系 Mg-air 电池是大规模储能的有前途的候选者，但其实际应用受到水诱导寄生反应和块效应的严重阻碍。在这项研究中，牛磺酸 （Tau） 是一种有效的电解质添加剂，用于利用各种镁阳极的水性 Mg-air 电池。具有供体和受体基团的非牺牲 Tau 分子破坏了 H₂O 的固有氢键网络，并取代了 Mg²⁺ 溶剂化鞘中的溶剂化 H₂O，在 Mg 上形成动态吸附并产生疏水性双电层。因此，牛磺酸抑制 H₂O 对 Mg 的攻击，促进 Mg 均匀剥离。适量的 Tau 不仅增强了 AZ31 负极的放电活性，还抑制了其自放电现象，实现了同时提高电压和阳极利用率的惊人效果。因此，0.2 M Tau 被确定为最佳电解质浓度，并利用各种常规 Mg 阳极（如 VW83、VW103 和 LA103Z）成功掺入 Mg-air 电池中。结果表明，Tau 有效地增强了采用各种镁负极的 Mg-air 电池的放电性能。