Lithium–sulfur batteries have been considered as promising next-generation energy storage devices due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density and natural abundance of sulfur. However, the shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfides hinder their commercial applications. Herein, by combining smart material design and structure engineering, a CoS₂ hollow multishelled structure (HoMS) has been developed to modify the separator and establish a “vice electrode”, which effectively hinders the shuttle effect and catalyzes redox reactions. CoS₂ HoMS can not only obstruct polysulfides through multiple shell barriers but also provide a large available polar surface to effectively capture polysulfides. Additionally, CoS₂ HoMS, with good conductivity, could greatly accelerate the redox conversion of polysulfides and enhance the decomposition of Li₂S. Moreover, CoS₂ HoMS can buffer the large volume change of sulfur during cycling, ensuring good contact and stability of the electrodes. As a result, the lithium–sulfur battery with the CoS₂ HoMS-modified separator exhibited a high discharge capacity of 873.1 mA h g⁻¹ at a high rate of 1 C, with only 0.054% capacity decay per cycle during 350 cycles.

中文翻译：

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用催化多壳结构 CoS2 改性的多功能隔膜可实现稳定的锂硫电池


锂硫电池因其超高的理论能量密度和天然丰富的硫而被认为是有前途的下一代储能器件。然而，多硫化物的穿梭效应和缓慢的氧化还原动力学阻碍了它们的商业应用。在此，通过结合智能材料设计和结构工程，开发了 CoS₂ 空心多壳结构 （HoMS） 来修饰隔膜并建立“副电极”，有效阻碍了穿梭效应并催化了氧化还原反应。CoS₂ HoMS 不仅可以通过多个壳层屏障阻挡多硫化物，还可以提供较大的可用极性表面来有效捕获多硫化物。此外，CoS₂ HoMS 具有良好的导电性，可以大大加速多硫化物的氧化还原转化并增强 Li₂S 的分解。此外，CoS₂ HoMS 可以缓冲循环过程中硫的大量变化，确保电极的良好接触和稳定性。结果，带有 CoS₂ HoMS 改性隔膜的锂硫电池在 1 C 的高倍率下表现出 873.1 mA h ^g-1 的高放电容量，在 350 次循环中每个循环的容量衰减仅为 0.054%。