npj Quantum Information ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-26 , DOI: 10.1038/s41534-024-00891-0 Jens C. Hermann, Roberto Rizzato, Fleming Bruckmaier, Robin D. Allert, Aharon Blank, Dominik B. Bucher
Quantum sensors using solid-state spin defects excel in the detection of radiofrequency (RF) fields, serving various applications in communication, ranging, and sensing. For this purpose, pulsed dynamical decoupling (PDD) protocols are typically applied, which enhance sensitivity to RF signals. However, these methods are limited to frequencies of a few megahertz, which poses a challenge for sensing higher frequencies. We introduce an alternative approach based on a continuous dynamical decoupling (CDD) scheme involving dressed states of nitrogen vacancy (NV) ensemble spins driven within a microwave resonator. We compare the CDD methods to established PDD protocols and demonstrate the detection of RF signals up to ~85 MHz, about ten times the current limit imposed by the PDD approach under identical conditions. Implementing the CDD method in a heterodyne/synchronized protocol combines the high-frequency detection with high spectral resolution. This advancement extends to various domains requiring detection in the high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) ranges of the RF spectrum, including spin sensor-based magnetic resonance spectroscopy at high magnetic fields.
中文翻译:
通过固态自旋系综的修整状态扩展无线电波频率检测范围
使用固态自旋缺陷的量子传感器在射频 (RF) 场的检测方面表现出色,服务于通信、测距和传感方面的各种应用。为此,通常采用脉冲动态去耦 (PDD) 协议,以提高对 RF 信号的灵敏度。然而,这些方法仅限于几兆赫兹的频率,这对感应更高的频率提出了挑战。我们介绍了一种基于连续动态解耦 (CDD) 方案的替代方法,涉及在微波谐振器内驱动的氮空位 (NV) 集合自旋的修饰状态。我们将 CDD 方法与已建立的 PDD 协议进行了比较,并演示了对高达 ~85 MHz 的射频信号的检测,大约是相同条件下 PDD 方法施加的电流限制的十倍。在外差/同步协议中实施 CDD 方法将高频检测与高光谱分辨率相结合。这一进步扩展到需要在射频频谱的高频 (HF) 和甚高频 (VHF) 范围内进行检测的各个领域,包括在高磁场下基于自旋传感器的磁共振波谱。