BACKGROUND The role of air pollution in eczema and food allergy development remains understudied. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess whether exposure to air pollution is associated with eczema and food allergies in the first 10 years of life. METHODS HealthNuts recruited a population-based sample of 1-year-old infants who were followed up at ages 4, 6, and 10 years. Annual average fine particulate matter (particulate matter with diameter of 2.5 μm or less, or PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposures were assigned to geocoded residential addresses. Eczema was defined by parent report. Oral food challenges to peanut, egg, and sesame were used to measure food allergy. Multilevel logistic regression models were fitted, and estimates were reported as adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS Those exposed to high concentration of NO2 (<10 ppb) at age 1 year had higher peanut allergy prevalence at ages 1 (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 2.21 [1.40-3.48]) and 4 (2.29 [1.28-4.11]) years. High exposure to NO2 at 6 years old were associated with higher peanut allergy prevalence at age 6 (1.34 [1.00-1.82] per 2.7 ppb NO2 increase) years. Similarly, increased PM2.5 at age 1 year was associated with peanut allergy at ages 4, 6, and 10 years (respectively, 1.27 [1.01-1.60], 1.27 [1.01-1.56], and 1.46 [1.05-2.04] per 1.2 μg/m PM2.5 increase) years. We found that increased concentrations of NO2 or PM2.5 at age 1 year were associated with persistent peanut allergy at later ages. Little evidence of associations was observed with eczema or with egg allergy. CONCLUSIONS Early-life exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 was associated with peanut allergy prevalence and persistence. Policies aiming at reducing air pollution could potentially reduce presence and persistence of peanut allergy.

中文翻译：

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空气污染与前 10 年持续的花生过敏有关。


背景 空气污染在湿疹和食物过敏发展中的作用仍未得到充分研究。目的 我们旨在评估暴露于空气污染是否与生命前 10 年的湿疹和食物过敏有关。方法 HealthNuts 招募了 1 岁婴儿的人群样本，这些婴儿在 4 、 6 和 10 岁时进行了随访。年平均细颗粒物（直径为 2.5 μm 或更小的颗粒物，或 PM2.5）和二氧化氮 （NO2） 暴露被分配到地理编码的住宅地址。湿疹由父报告定义。口服花生、鸡蛋和芝麻的食物激发试验用于测量食物过敏。拟合多水平 logistic 回归模型，并将估计值报告为调整后的比值比。结果 那些在 1 岁时暴露于高浓度 NO2 （<10 ppb） 的人在 1 岁 （调整比值比 [95% 置信区间]，2.21 [1.40-3.48]）和 4 （2.29 [1.28-4.11]） 岁时花生过敏患病率更高。6 岁时高暴露于 NO2 与 6 岁时较高的花生过敏患病率相关（每增加 1.34 ppb NO2 增加 1.00 [1.00-1.82]）。同样，1 岁时 PM2.5 增加与 4 岁、6 岁和 10 岁花生过敏相关 （分别为 1.27 [1.01-1.60]、1.27 [1.01-1.56] 和 1.46 [1.05-2.04] PM2.5 每增加 1.2 μg/m 1.2.04）年。我们发现 1 岁时 NO2 或 PM2.5 浓度增加与晚年持续花生过敏相关。几乎没有观察到与湿疹或鸡蛋过敏相关的证据。结论 早期暴露于 PM2.5 和 NO2 与花生过敏的患病率和持久性相关。旨在减少空气污染的政策可能会减少花生过敏的存在和持续存在。