Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), arising from the skin, head and neck, lungs, esophagus, and cervix, are collectively among the most common cancers and a frequent cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Despite distinct stratified epithelial tissues of origin, converging evidence points toward shared biologic pathways across SCCs. With recent breakthroughs in molecular technologies have come novel SCC treatment paradigms, including immunotherapies and targeted therapy. This review compares commonalities and differences across SCCs from different anatomical sites, including risk factors and genetics, as well as cellular and molecular programs driving tumorigenesis. We review landmark discoveries of the “cancer stem cells” (CSCs) that initiate and propagate SCCs and their gene and translational regulation programs. This has led to an appreciation that interactions between CSCs and the immune system play key roles in invasion and therapeutic resistance. Here, we review the unifying principles of SCCs that have emerged from these exciting advances in our understanding of these epithelial cancers.

中文翻译：

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跨组织鳞状细胞癌的分子和细胞动力学


起源于皮肤、头颈部、肺、食道和宫颈的鳞状细胞癌 （SCC） 是最常见的癌症之一，也是癌症发病率和死亡率的常见原因。尽管来源的上皮组织分层不同，但收敛证据表明 SCC 之间共享的生物途径。随着分子技术的最新突破，出现了新的鳞状细胞癌治疗范式，包括免疫疗法和靶向疗法。本综述比较了来自不同解剖部位的 SCCs 的共性和差异性，包括风险因素和遗传学，以及驱动肿瘤发生的细胞和分子程序。我们回顾了启动和繁殖 SCC 及其基因和翻译调控程序的“癌症干细胞”（CSC） 的里程碑式发现。这导致人们认识到 CSC 和免疫系统之间的相互作用在侵袭和治疗耐药性中起着关键作用。在这里，我们回顾了 SCC 的统一原则，这些原则是从我们对这些上皮癌的理解中取得的这些令人兴奋的进展中出现的。