Primordial black holes (PBHs), more generally, BHs, undergo evaporation and, in principle, will end their lives in bursts of very high-energy gamma rays. The notable aspect of the PBHs with an initial mass of ∼ 10¹⁴ g is that they are expected to end their lives today. In this work, we assess the potential sensitivity of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) in detecting the local burst rate density of PBHs. Our results suggest that LHAASO is capable of probing for PBH bursts within a proximity of ∼ 0.1 pc from the Sun, measuring a local burst rate density of ∼ 1200 (or 700)pc^-3 yr^-1 with 99% confidence during a 3-year (or 5-year) observational campaign. This level of sensitivity surpasses the most rigorous observational constraint provided by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) by an order of magnitude. Additionally, we propose data analysis strategies for LHAASO to optimize the search for PBHs and reach its potential detection limits.

中文翻译：

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寻找原始黑洞的霍金辐射：LHAASO 的前瞻性敏感性


原始黑洞 （PBH），更一般地说，BH 会发生蒸发，原则上，它们的生命将在非常高能的伽马射线爆发中结束。初始质量为 ∼ 10¹⁴ g 的 PBH 的显着之处在于它们预计今天将结束生命。在这项工作中，我们评估了大型高空气淋天文台 （LHAASO） 在检测 PBH 局部爆发率密度方面的潜在敏感性。我们的结果表明，LHAASO 能够在距离太阳 ∼ 0.1 pc 的范围内探测 PBH 爆发，在 3 年（或 5 年）的观测活动中以 99% 的置信度测量了 ∼ 1200（或 700）^{pc-3 yr-1} 的局部爆发率密度。这种灵敏度水平超过了高海拔水切伦科夫天文台 （HAWC） 提供的最严格的观测限制一个数量级。此外，我们还为 LHAASO 提出了数据分析策略，以优化 PBH 的搜索并达到其潜在的检测限。