We study how the presence of an area gap, different than zero, affects the gravitational collapse of a dust ball. The implementation of such discreteness is achieved through the framework of polymer quantization, a scheme inspired by loop quantum gravity (LQG). We study the collapse using variables which represent the area, in order to impose the non-zero area gap condition. The collapse is analyzed for both the flat and spherical Oppenheimer-Snyder models. In both scenarios the formation of the singularity is avoided, due to the inversion of the velocity at finite values of the sphere surface. This happens due to the presence of a negative pressure, with origins at a quantum level. When the inversion happens inside the black hole event horizon, we achieve a geometry transition to a white hole. When the inversion happens outside the event horizon, we find a new possible astrophysical object. A characterization of such hypothetical object is done. Some constraints on the value for the area gap are also imposed in order to maintain the link with our already established physical theories.

中文翻译：

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聚合物框架中的有效量子引力塌陷


我们研究了不同于零的面积间隙的存在如何影响尘球的引力坍缩。这种离散性的实现是通过聚合物量子化框架实现的，该方案的灵感来自环量子引力 （LQG）。我们使用代表面积的变量来研究坍塌，以施加非零面积间隙条件。对平面和球形 Oppenheimer-Snyder 模型进行了塌陷分析。在这两种情况下，由于球体表面有限值处的速度反转，都避免了奇点的形成。这是由于存在起源于量子水平的负压而发生的。当反转发生在黑洞事件视界内时，我们实现了到白洞的几何过渡。当逆温发生在事件视界之外时，我们会发现一个新的可能的天体物理天体。对这种假设对象进行了表征。为了保持与我们已经建立的物理理论的联系，还对面积间隙的值施加了一些限制。