Experiences of violence have been reported to be associated with lower levels of subjective wellbeing (SWB). However, little is known about this association in conflict settings and among forcibly displaced populations. In this study we exploit data from a representative sample of refugee teachers from Nyarugusu Refugee Camp collected as part of a larger study, to examine the association between demographic characteristics and SWB, and between experiences of violence and SWB. Three cross-sectional surveys of primary and secondary school teachers were conducted, collecting data on lifetime experience of violence (physical and sexual) and SWB (measured by life satisfaction and current happiness, on 1–5 Likert scales). Linear mixed models were used to estimate the associations between violence and SWB accounting for teacher and school clustering, unadjusted and adjusted for main factors associated with SWB. The 3 surveys included 1,666 responses completed by 885 teachers. Country of origin and number of meals consumed per day were strongly associated with SWB. Individuals who experienced physical violence reported on average, 0.13 lower life satisfaction scores (95% CI [−0.23, −0.02], p = .016) compared to those who did not experience physical violence, while survivors of sexual violence reported on average, 0.24 lower happiness scores ([−0.43, −0.05], p = .014) compared to those who did not experience sexual violence, after adjusting for confounders and clustering. We found an important negative association between past experience of violence and SWB in a refugee camp setting. These findings contribute to the evidence that violent experiences are likely to have a long-lasting impact on people’s wellbeing. There is a need for improved mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings.

中文翻译：

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探索暴力经历与主观幸福感之间的关系：坦桑尼亚 Nyarugusu 难民营学校教师的横断面调查


据报道，暴力经历与较低水平的主观幸福感 （SWB） 相关。然而，人们对冲突环境和被迫流离失所人口中的这种关联知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们利用了作为更大规模研究的一部分收集的来自 Nyarugusu 难民营的难民教师代表性样本的数据，以检查人口特征与 SWB 之间的关联，以及暴力经历与 SWB 之间的关联。对中小学教师进行了三项横断面调查，收集了一生中遭受暴力（身体和性）和 SWB（通过生活满意度和当前幸福感衡量，采用 1-5 个李克特量表）的数据。线性混合模型用于估计暴力与 SWB 之间的关联，考虑到教师和学校聚类，未经调整和调整与 SWB 相关的主要因素。这 3 项调查包括 885 名教师完成的 1,666 份回复。原籍国和每天食用的餐食数量与 SWB 密切相关。与未经历过身体暴力的人相比，经历过身体暴力的人报告的生活满意度得分平均低 0.13 分 （95% CI [-0.23， -0.02]，p = .016），而性暴力幸存者报告的平均幸福感得分比没有经历过性暴力的人低 0.24 分 （[-0.43， -0.05]，p = .014），在调整混杂因素和聚类后。我们发现，过去的暴力经历与难民营环境中的 SWB 之间存在重要的负相关。这些发现有助于证明暴力经历可能会对人们的福祉产生长期影响。 在人道主义环境中，需要改善心理健康和社会心理支持。