There is a booming scientific research community looking into two-dimensional (2D) MXenes with superior physical and chemical characteristics that are potentially applicable in many fields. However, compared to energy conversion and storage, their applications in environment remediation have received much less attention. Hence, this review summarizes the recent progress of 2D MXenes and their derivates adopted for interdisciplinary applications with a focus on environment-related areas, aiming at promoting the diversity of MXenes and providing a refreshing background. Firstly, the properties including excellent electrical conductivity (as high as 15,100 S cm⁻¹), large surface area (100–1,000 m² g⁻¹), tunable surface chemistry (-O, -OH or -F terminal groups), photothermal conversion (∼100 % light-to-heat efficiency) as well as kinetic and thermodynamic stability of 2D MXenes are briefly introduced. The engineering strategies of MXene-derived nanocomposites through the construction of heterostructures, metal/non-metal doping, the introduction of vacancies, strain engineering, and computation modelling are then followed. Finally, we emphasize current advances achieved in versatile applications including metal ions adsorption, photocatalytic organics degradation and CO₂ reduction, solar water desalination, oil/water separation, and gas sensing, where engineering, mechanisms, and performances of different 2D MXene derivates are discussed. It is envisioned that 2D MXenes will become one of the prominent nanomaterials effective for diverse applications in the years to come.

中文翻译：

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用于环境相关跨学科应用的 2D MXene 衍生纳米复合材料的工程设计


一个蓬勃发展的科学研究社区正在研究具有卓越物理和化学特性的二维 （2D） MXenes，这些 MXenes 可能适用于许多领域。然而，与能源转换和储存相比，它们在环境修复中的应用受到的关注要少得多。因此，本文总结了二维 MXenes 及其衍生物在跨学科应用中的最新进展，重点关注环境相关领域，旨在促进 MXenes 的多样性并提供令人耳目一新的背景。首先，简要介绍了 2D MXenes 的优异导电性（高达 15,100 S ^cm-1）、大表面积 （100-1,000 m^{2 g-1}）、可调表面化学（-O、-OH 或 -F 端子基团）、光热转换（∼100 % 光热效率）以及动力学和热力学稳定性。然后遵循通过异质结构构建、金属/非金属掺杂、引入空位、应变工程和计算建模的 MXene 衍生纳米复合材料的工程策略。最后，我们强调了当前在多种应用中取得的进展，包括金属离子吸附、光催化有机物降解和 CO₂ 还原、太阳能水淡化、油/水分离和气体传感，其中讨论了不同 2D MXene 衍生物的工程、机制和性能。据设想，2D MXenes 将成为未来几年对各种应用有效的重要纳米材料之一。