Since 2014, millions of Venezuelans have fled to neighboring countries. There is only one accessible land crossing along the Brazil–Venezuela border (Pacaraima) and the Brazilian highway system limits migrants to one route through the Amazon for almost 1000 km. Using this event as a quasi‐random treatment, we find that refugee migration increased malaria incidence in Pacaraima, but this was limited to individuals of Venezuelan nationality. We find no effect on Brazilians in Pacaraima or in other municipalities along the main refugee migration route. We therefore reject the hypothesis that Venezuelan refugees increased the risk of malaria among native residents.

中文翻译：

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大规模移民对疾病传播的影响：来自委内瑞拉难民危机的证据


自 2014 年以来，数百万委内瑞拉人逃往邻国。巴西-委内瑞拉边境只有一个无障碍陆路口岸 （Pacaraima），巴西公路系统限制移民只能通过一条路线穿过亚马逊，全长近 1000 公里。使用该事件作为准随机处理，我们发现难民迁移增加了 Pacaraima 的疟疾发病率，但这仅限于委内瑞拉国籍的个体。我们发现对 Pacaraima 或主要难民迁移路线沿线其他城市的巴西人没有影响。因此，我们拒绝委内瑞拉难民增加当地居民患疟疾风险的假设。