This article provides an original contribution to the field of sports fandom by investigating the experiences of women football supporters on X (formerly Twitter). Drawing on data from an online survey of 1624 women supporters of UK-based men’s football teams, the study examines their digital interactions, gendered challenges, and subsequent coping strategies. Significantly, this study is the first to apply and extend Pope et al.’s (2022) Model of Men’s Performances of Masculinities, offering a new theoretical perspective and refinement of the original model. Through a thematic analysis, the results reveal the gendered dynamics that shape this specific sporting environment, highlighting the crucial role of social media in facilitating football-related discussions and promoting fan communities. At the same time, the study exposes the gender-based stereotypes, abuse, and discrimination that women face when expressing their identities and opinions within male-dominated football spaces. These insights not only advance understanding of gendered interactions in sports fandom but also call for enhanced measures to ensure safer online environments for women football fans.

中文翻译：

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“你的分析和你的卵巢一样无用”：女足球迷在社交媒体上的体验


本文通过调查 X（前身为 Twitter）上女性足球支持者的经历，为体育迷领域提供了原创性贡献。该研究利用对英国男子足球队的 1624 名女性支持者的在线调查数据，研究了她们的数字互动、性别挑战和随后的应对策略。值得注意的是，这项研究是首次应用和扩展 Pope 等人 （2022） 的男性男子气概表现模型，提供了新的理论视角和对原始模型的改进。通过主题分析，结果揭示了塑造这种特定运动环境的性别动态，突出了社交媒体在促进足球相关讨论和促进球迷社区方面的关键作用。同时，该研究揭露了女性在男性主导的足球空间中表达自己的身份和意见时面临的基于性别的刻板印象、虐待和歧视。这些见解不仅促进了对体育迷中性别互动的理解，还呼吁加强措施，确保为女足球迷提供更安全的在线环境。