Within hilly agricultural landscapes, topography induces lateral transfers of runoff water, so-called interplot hydrological connectivity. Runoff water from upstream plots can infiltrate downstream plots, thus influencing the water content in the root zone that drives crop functioning. The impact of runoff on crop functioning can be crucial for optimizing agricultural landscape management strategies. However, to our knowledge, no study has specifically focused on the impact on crop yield. The current study aims to comprehensively investigate the impact of runoff on crop functioning in the context of Mediterranean rainfed annual crops. To quantify this impact, we conduct a numerical experiment using the AquaCrop model and consider two hydrologically connected plots. The experiment explores a range of upstream and downstream agro-pedo-climatic conditions: crop type, soil texture and depth, climate forcing, and the area of the upstream plot. The experiment relies on data collected over the last 25 years in OMERE, an environment research observatory in northeastern Tunisia, and data from literature. A key finding in the results is that water supply through hydrological connectivity can enhance annual crop production under semiarid and subhumid climate conditions. Specifically, the results show that the downstream infiltration of upstream runoff has a positive impact on crop functioning in a moderate number of situations, ranging from 16% (wheat) to 33% (faba bean) as the average across above ground biomass and yield. Positive impact is mostly found for higher soil available water capacity and under semiarid and dry subhumid climate conditions, with a significant impact of rainfall intra-annual distribution in relation to crop phenology. These research needs to be expanded by considering both a wider range of crops and future climate conditions.

在丘陵农业景观中，地形会引起径流水的横向转移，即所谓的地间水文连通性。来自上游地块的径流水可以渗入下游地块，从而影响驱动作物生长的根区中的含水量。径流对作物功能的影响对于优化农业景观管理策略至关重要。然而，据我们所知，还没有研究专门关注对作物产量的影响。本研究旨在全面调查地中海雨养一年生作物背景下径流对作物功能的影响。为了量化这种影响，我们使用 AquaCrop 模型进行了一项数值实验，并考虑了两个水文相连的图。该实验探讨了一系列上游和下游农业-土壤-气候条件：作物类型、土壤质地和深度、气候强迫以及上游地块的面积。该实验依赖于突尼斯东北部环境研究观测站 OMÈRE 过去 25 年收集的数据以及文献数据。结果的一个关键发现是，在半干旱和半湿润气候条件下，通过水文连通性进行供水可以提高农作物的年产量。具体来说，结果表明，上游径流的下游渗透在中等情况下对作物功能有积极影响，地上生物量和产量的平均值从 16%（小麦）到 33%（蚕豆）不等。积极影响主要体现在较高的土壤有效水容量以及半干旱和干燥的半湿润气候条件下，降雨量的年内分布对作物物候有显著影响。 这些研究需要通过考虑更广泛的作物和未来的气候条件来扩展。