In alpine meadows, microorganisms are essential to sustain the stability of terrestrial geochemical processes and vegetation–soil–microbial systems. The present study in order investigate how various management measures impact the microbial communities' composition and functionality, we utilize metagenomic sequencing techniques to examinate the composition and function of soil microbial communities in the southern Qilian Mountains of the Qinghai‐Xizang Plateau in response to the management practices of fencing enclose (FE), winter grazing (WG), transition zone between natural and artificial grasslands (TZ), and artificial unicast oats (AU). Vegetation diversity and soil physicochemical characteristics were dramatically altered by the management measures. The prokaryotic community structure was considerably similar in FE and WG, as well as in TZ and AU. Near‐natural (FE) and artificial establishment (AU) disturbances changed the fungal community structure. Enzymes related to carbon metabolism did not respond significantly to the management measures, whereas those related to nitrogen metabolism did not respond significantly in TZ and AU. The relative abundance of enzymes participating in nitrogen metabolism was higher under TZ and AU than under FE and WG. We concluded that grassland management measures altered the structure of aboveground graminoid and leguminous vegetation communities and belowground biomass allocation, resulting in changes in K uptake, causing striking changes in the structure of fungal communities and nitrogen‐metabolizing enzymes; moderate disturbance (WG) was beneficial for maintaining the stability of microbial communities in alpine grasslands.

中文翻译：

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冬季放牧，而不是围栏或单播，促进了青藏高原祁连山区微生物群落和功能的稳定性


在高山草甸中，微生物对于维持陆地地球化学过程和植被-土壤-微生物系统的稳定性至关重要。本研究为了研究各种管理措施如何影响微生物群落的组成和功能，我们利用宏基因组测序技术研究了青藏高原祁连山南部土壤微生物群落的组成和功能，以响应围栏围封 （FE）、冬季放牧 （WG）、天然和人工草地过渡带 （TZ）、 和人工单铸燕麦 （AU）。管理措施极大地改变了植被多样性和土壤理化特性。原核生物群落结构在 FE 和 WG 以及 TZ 和 AU 中非常相似。近自然 （FE） 和人工建立 （AU） 干扰改变了真菌群落结构。与碳代谢相关的酶对管理措施没有显著反应，而与氮代谢相关的酶对 TZ 和 AU 没有显著反应。TZ 和 AU 下参与氮代谢的酶的相对丰度高于 FE 和 WG 下。我们得出结论，草原管理措施改变了地上禾本科和豆科植物群落的结构以及地下生物量分配，导致钾吸收发生变化，导致真菌群落和氮代谢酶的结构发生显着变化;中度干扰 （WG） 有利于维持高寒草原微生物群落的稳定性。