Several mechanisms prevent the ascent of uropathogenic bacteria from the bladder to the kidney, which can lead to pyelonephritis. A new study by Menna Clatworthy and colleagues clarifies the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in this protection.

Noting the presence of neutrophils in urine from individuals with a negative leukocyte esterase urine dipstick test (which is typically thought to detect neutrophils in urine as a UTI marker), the researchers also demonstrated that the test was positive only in the presence of NETosing, and not intact, neutrophils.

中文翻译：

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细菌被中性粒细胞捕获，尿液中 UMOD 陷阱

有几种机制可以防止尿路病原菌从膀胱上升到肾脏，这可能导致肾盂肾炎。Menna Clatworthy 及其同事的一项新研究阐明了中性粒细胞胞外陷阱 （NETs） 在这种保护中的作用。

注意到白细胞酯酶尿液试纸试验阴性的个体尿液中存在中性粒细胞（通常被认为检测尿液中的中性粒细胞作为 UTI 标志物），研究人员还证明，该测试仅在存在 NETosing 而不是完整中性粒细胞的情况下呈阳性。