Field-effect transistors are crucial components for modern electronics, generating significant research and profitable interest. Metal halide perovskites have recently emerged as a pioneering active material in solar cells, generating interest in their potential use in other electronic and (opto)electronic devices, including field-effect transistors and phototransistors. However, before they can be commercialized, they still face significant challenges owing to their immanent instabilities with respect to heat, moisture, and light. In contrast, due to their exceptional environmental stability, the newly emerging two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper type perovskites have garnered significant recognition. The current state of the field is covered in this review article, as are the problems, and a perspective for the scenarios of perovskite field-effect transistors. The effects of temperature, light, and measurement conditions are taken into account, as well as the physics of the device and the fundamental mechanisms that drive these devices, such as ion migration and ionic defects. Subsequently, the performance of perovskite transistors and phototransistors described so far is analyzed and critically evaluated. Finally, the major roadblocks to perovskite transistor advancement are identified and explored. The lessons learned from other perovskite optoelectronic devices are investigated in order to address these obstacles and bring these devices closer to industrial implementation.

中文翻译：

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用于场效应晶体管的 2D 层状卤化物钙钛矿


场效应晶体管是现代电子产品的关键元件，产生了大量的研究和有利可图的兴趣。金属卤化物钙钛矿最近成为太阳能电池中的开创性活性材料，引起了人们对它们在其他电子和（光）电子器件（包括场效应晶体管和光电晶体管）中的潜在用途的兴趣。然而，在它们商业化之前，由于它们在热、湿和光方面的固有不稳定性，它们仍然面临重大挑战。相比之下，由于其卓越的环境稳定性，新出现的二维 Ruddlesden-Popper 型钙钛矿获得了重要认可。这篇评论文章涵盖了该领域的现状，以及问题，以及钙钛矿场效应晶体管场景的前景。考虑了温度、光线和测量条件的影响，以及设备的物理特性和驱动这些设备的基本机制，例如离子迁移和离子缺陷。随后，对迄今为止描述的钙钛矿晶体管和光电晶体管的性能进行了分析和批判性评估。最后，确定并探讨了钙钛矿晶体管发展的主要障碍。为了解决这些障碍并使这些器件更接近工业实施，研究了从其他钙钛矿光电器件中吸取的经验教训。