Psychological functioning is shaped by how people navigate their environment. Accordingly, psychopathology is often caused and maintained by patterns of responding to the environment that do not meet situational demands. In particular, psychopathology is often expressed in an inflexible or intense manner of coping with stressful situations. Prior research on psychopathology and daily life stress is limited by an overreliance on negative affect reactivity, which neglects the myriad responses that can create problems in a person's life. In this study, we assessed a broad range of daily manifestations of psychopathology to examine daily psychopathology-stress associations. We conceptualized individual differences in functioning as psychopathology traits and daily fluctuations in the interrelated thoughts, behaviors, and emotions as psychopathology states, with traits and states corresponding to the same domains of functioning (i.e., antagonism, detachment, disinhibition, negative affectivity, anankastia, psychoticism). Data have been taken from two samples enriched for psychopathology (N = 112, N = 294 participants) who completed daily assessments of stressors and psychopathological states (n = 9,201, n = 4,292 days). We used multilevel structural equation models to examine average, within-person associations between stressors and psychopathological states and correlations between psychopathological traits and stress responses. Results showed that (a) most people experience increases in psychopathological states when stressed and (b) psychopathological traits relate to more consistent and stronger increases in psychopathological states. Our study suggests that psychopathology reflects how people cope with stressful situations, and what distinguishes people with high-trait psychopathology from those who experience typical upticks in psychopathology when stressed is the consistency and extremity of their responses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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精神病理学对压力的日常表现。


心理功能是由人们如何驾驭他们的环境所塑造的。因此，精神病理学通常是由不满足情境需求的环境反应模式引起和维持的。特别是，精神病理学通常以一种不灵活或强烈的方式来应对压力情况。先前对精神病理学和日常生活压力的研究受到过度依赖负面影响反应性的限制，它忽视了可能在一个人的生活中造成问题的无数反应。在这项研究中，我们评估了精神病理学的广泛日常表现，以检查日常精神病理学与压力的关联。我们将功能的个体差异概念化为精神病理学特征，将相互关联的思想、行为和情绪的日常波动概念化为精神病理学状态，其特征和状态对应于相同的功能领域（即对抗、分离、去抑制、消极情感、anankastia、精神病）。数据取自两个富含精神病理学的样本（N = 112，N = 294 名参与者），他们完成了对压力源和精神病理状态的每日评估（n = 9,201，n = 4,292 天）。我们使用多级结构方程模型来检查压力源和精神病理学状态之间的平均人内关联，以及精神病理学特征与压力反应之间的相关性。结果表明，（a） 大多数人在压力时经历精神病理状态的增加，以及 （b） 精神病理学特征与精神病理状态更一致和更强烈的增加有关。 我们的研究表明，精神病理学反映了人们如何应对压力情况，而高特质精神病理学患者与在压力下经历典型精神病理学上升的人的区别在于他们反应的一致性和极端性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。