Cancer immunotherapy has significant potential as a cancer treatment since it boosts the immune system and prevents immune escape to get rid of or fight cancers. However, its clinical applicability is still limited because of the low response rate and immune-related side effects. Recently ultrasound has been shown to alter the tumor immune microenvironment, enhance the effectiveness of other antitumor therapies, and cause tumors to become more sensitive to immunotherapy, thus providing new insights into cancer treatment. Nanomedicines are also anticipated to have a positive impact on improving the immunological effects and enhancing ultrasound effect for cancer therapy. Therefore, designing effective nanomedicines enhanced ultrasound effect for augmenting sono-immunotherapy has been a pivot on anticancer therapy. In this review, the immunological impacts of various ultrasound therapeutic modalities, ultrasound parameters, and their underlying mechanisms are discussed. Moreover, we highlight the recent progress of nanomedicines synergistically enhancing sono-immunotherapy. Finally, we put forward opportunities and challenges on sono-immunotherapy.

中文翻译：

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纳米药物增强癌症声波免疫治疗的应用进展


癌症免疫疗法作为一种癌症治疗具有巨大的潜力，因为它可以增强免疫系统并防止免疫逃逸以摆脱或对抗癌症。然而，由于反应率低和免疫相关副作用，其临床适用性仍然有限。最近，超声已被证明可以改变肿瘤免疫微环境，增强其他抗肿瘤疗法的有效性，并使肿瘤对免疫疗法更加敏感，从而为癌症治疗提供新的见解。纳米药物也有望对提高免疫学效应和增强癌症治疗的超声效应产生积极影响。因此，设计有效的纳米药物增强超声效果以增强声波免疫治疗一直是抗癌治疗的一个关键。在本综述中，讨论了各种超声治疗方式、超声参数及其潜在机制的免疫学影响。此外，我们强调了纳米药物协同增强声波免疫疗法的最新进展。最后，我们提出了声波免疫治疗的机遇和挑战。