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Efficacy and Safety of Sodium‐Glucose Co‐Transporter 2 Inhibitors for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular, Renal Events and Safety Outcomes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes: A Population‐based Target Trial Emulation
Arthritis & Rheumatology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-21 , DOI: 10.1002/art.43037
Kevin Sheng‐Kai Ma, Jui‐En Lo, Vasileios C. Kyttaris, George C. Tsokos, Karen H. Costenbader

ObjectivesPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were excluded from sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) clinical trials. It is unknown whether the cardiorenal benefits of SGLT2i extend to patients with SLE and comorbid type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsWe performed an emulated clinical trial in an insurance‐based cohort in the U.S., evaluating SGLT2i versus dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) for primary prevention of cardiovascular, renal, and other clinical outcomes among patients with both SLE patients and comorbid T2D. SGLT2i initiators were matched to DPP4i initiators using propensity scores (PS) based on clinical and demographic factors. Hazard ratios (HR with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated using Cox models.ResultsOutcomes among 2,165 patients starting SGLT2i and 2,165 PS‐matched patients starting DPP4i were compared. Over 753.1 (±479.2) mean days, SGLT2i recipients had significantly lower risks of incident acute kidney injury (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.39‐0.63), chronic kidney disease (HR 0.61, 0.50‐0.76), end‐stage renal disease (HR 0.40, 0.20‐0.80), heart failure (HR 0.72, 0.56‐0.92), and emergency department visits (HR 0.90, 0.82‐0.99). Risks of all‐cause mortality (HR 0.89, 0.65‐1.21), lupus nephritis (HR 0.67, 0.38‐1.15), myocardial infarction (HR 0.81, 0.54‐1.23), stroke (HR 1.03, 0.74‐1.44), and hospitalizations (HR 0.76, 0.51‐1.12) did not differ. Genital infection risk (HR 1.31, 1.07‐1.61) was increased, but urinary tract infection risk (HR 0.90, 0.79‐1.03) did not differ. No significant difference was observed for diabetic ketoacidosis risk (HR 1.065, 0.53‐2.14) and fractures (HR 0.95, 0.66‐1.36).ConclusionsIn this emulated clinical trial, SGLT2i vs. DPP4i use was associated with significantly reduced risks of several cardiorenal complications among patients with both SLE and T2D.

中文翻译:


钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂对系统性红斑狼疮和合并 2 型糖尿病患者心血管、肾脏事件和安全结果的一级预防的疗效和安全性:一项基于人群的靶向试验模拟



目的系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE) 患者被排除在钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂 (SGLT2i) 临床试验之外。目前尚不清楚 SGLT2i 的心肾益处是否扩展到 SLE 合并 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 的患者。方法我们在美国的一个基于保险的队列中进行了一项模拟临床试验,评估 SGLT2i 与二肽基肽酶 4 抑制剂 (DPP4i) 对 SLE 患者和合并 T2D 的患者心血管、肾脏和其他临床结局的一级预防。使用基于临床和人口统计学因素的倾向评分 (PS) 将 SGLT2i 启动剂与 DPP4i 启动剂匹配。使用 Cox 模型计算风险比 (HR 和 95% 置信区间)。结果比较了 2,165 例开始使用 SGLT2i 的患者和 2,165 例 PS 匹配的开始使用 DPP4i 的患者的结果。超过 753.1 (±479.2) 平均天数,SGLT2i 接受者发生急性肾损伤 (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.39-0.63)、慢性肾病 (HR 0.61, 0.50-0.76)、终末期肾病 (HR 0.40, 0.20-0.80)、心力衰竭 (HR 0.72, 0.56-0.92) 和急诊科就诊 (HR 0.90, 0.82-0.99) 的风险显著降低。全因死亡率 (HR 0.89, 0.65-1.21)、狼疮性肾炎 (HR 0.67, 0.38-1.15)、心肌梗死 (HR 0.81, 0.54-1.23)、中风 (HR 1.03, 0.74-1.44) 和住院 (HR 0.76, 0.51-1.12) 的风险没有差异。生殖器感染风险 (HR 1.31, 1.07‐1.61) 增加,但尿路感染风险 (HR 0.90, 0.79‐1.03) 没有差异。未观察到糖尿病酮症酸中毒风险 (HR 1.065, 0.53-2.14) 和骨折 (HR 0.95, 0.66-1.36) 的显著差异。结论在这项模拟临床试验中,SGLT2i 与 DPP4i 的使用与 SLE 和 T2D 患者发生多种心肾并发症的风险显著降低有关。
更新日期:2024-10-21
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