Biogas residue (BR) and biogas residue‐derived biochar (BRC) are widely used as substitute for inorganic Nitrogen (N) fertilizers in vegetable production. Yet, their comparative research on vegetable production and N2O production was still lacking. Here, the pot experiment of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis) with a gradient of BR or BRC application rates (0, 30%, 60%, 100% w/w) was carried out to simulate different N fertilizer substitution rates. The results showed that the pakchoi yield had no difference between BR or BRC and control treatments; BRC had more advantages than BR in maintaining or increasing the pakchoi yield. BR and BRC could all reduce N2O production potential in vegetable soils. But BRC had a stronger ability to inhibit denitrification while BR had a stronger ability to inhibit nitrification compared with each other. The results showed that BR and BRC had different regulatory pathways for pakchoi yield and N2O production. BR regulated the pakchoi yield majorly through nitrification, but BRC majorly through denitrification. It suggested that BR and BRC could partially or completely replace inorganic fertilizers without reducing pakchoi yield. BRC combined with chemical fertilizers was a higher intelligence strategy in vegetable systems to improve pakchoi yield and N2O production compared with BR. It provided a theoretical basis for the application of BR and BRC to nutrient cycling and microbial processes in the soil‐vegetable system.

中文翻译：

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沼渣碳化而不是沼渣提高了 Pakchoi 的产量，并降低了园艺土壤中 N2O 的生产潜力


沼气渣 （BR） 和沼渣衍生的生物炭 （BRC） 在蔬菜生产中被广泛用作无机氮 （N） 肥料的替代品。然而，他们仍然缺乏对蔬菜生产和 N2O 生产的比较研究。本研究以 BR 或 BRC 施用量梯度 （0、30%、60%、100% w/w） 为蓝菜 （Brassica chinensis） 进行盆栽试验，模拟不同的氮肥替代率。结果表明，BR 或 BRC 与对照处理之间的白菜产量没有差异;BRC 在维持或提高白菜产量方面比 BR 更具优势。BR 和 BRC 都会降低蔬菜土壤中 N2O 的产生潜力。但 BRC 具有更强的反式作用抑制能力，而 BR 具有更强的硝化抑制能力。结果表明，BR 和 BRC 对白菜产量和 N2O 产生具有不同的调控途径。BR 主要通过硝化作用调节 pakchoi 产量，但 BRC 主要通过反硝化作用调节。这表明 BR 和 BRC 可以部分或完全替代无机肥料，而不会降低白菜产量。BRC 联合化肥是蔬菜系统中一种更高的智能策略，可以提高白菜产量和 N2O 产量。它为 BR 和 BRC 在土壤-蔬菜系统中的养分循环和微生物过程中的应用提供了理论基础。