Accompanied by the ever-increasing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) worldwide, the recovery of spent LIBs, for both environmental concerns and social needs, is considered an efficient way to tackle the coming retirement tide of LIBs. Although hydrometallurgy is highly recognized for realizing the high-value recycling of critical metal elements from leaching solutions via chemical purification methods, its associated complex operations, large chemical consumption, and low efficiency fail to meet sustainability and eco-friendliness considerations, requiring an innovative separation approach to achieve these aims. Electrodialysis (ED) has emerged as an advanced membrane separation technology offering continuous operation and scalability advantages but has yet to be widely applied in recycling critical metals from the leaching solutions of spent LIBs. In this review, we introduce the fundamentals and evaluation indicators of the ED technique. Besides, the challenges of ED in metal extraction from the leaching solution are discussed. In addition, strategies for improving the separation performance of ED are provided and highlighted. Finally, we present the opportunities and challenges for the use of ED techniques in metal extraction from the leaching solution of spent LIBs.

中文翻译：

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使用电渗析技术从废旧锂离子电池的浸出液中回收关键金属：策略和挑战


随着全球对锂离子电池 （LIB） 的需求不断增长，出于环境和社会需求，回收废旧锂离子电池被认为是应对即将到来的锂离子电池退役浪潮的有效方法。尽管湿法冶金因通过化学净化方法实现浸出液中关键金属元素的高价值回收而得到高度认可，但其相关的复杂操作、大量化学品消耗和低效率未能满足可持续性和生态友好性考虑，需要一种创新的分离方法来实现这些目标。电渗析 （ED） 已成为一种先进的膜分离技术，具有连续运行和可扩展性优势，但尚未广泛应用于从废锂离子电池的浸出液中回收关键金属。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了 ED 技术的基本原理和评估指标。此外，还讨论了 ED 在浸出液中金属提取中的挑战。此外，还提供并强调了提高 ED 分离性能的策略。最后，我们介绍了使用 ED 技术从废 LIB 的浸出液中提取金属的机遇和挑战。