Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently caused a global disease outbreak in humans. Differences in the neutralizing antibody response to vaccination vs. MPXV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the neutralization of MPXV and VACV by sera from a cohort of convalescent and vaccinated individuals at 1- and 8-months post-exposure. Convalescent individuals displayed higher neutralizing antibody titers against MPXV than vaccinated and MPXV-naïve persons at one-month post-exposure. Neutralizing antibody titers had waned significantly in both groups at 8 months. This study suggests additional vaccine strategies are needed to elicit a durable humoral response and prevent breakthrough infections.

中文翻译：

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与 MVA-BN 疫苗接种相比，MPXV 感染刺激更强大、更持久的中和抗体反应


猴痘病毒 （MPXV） 最近在人类中引起了全球疾病爆发。对疫苗接种与 MPXV 感染的中和抗体反应的差异仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们检查了一组恢复期和接种疫苗的个体的血清在暴露后 1 个月和 8 个月对 MPXV 和 VACV 的中和作用。在暴露后一个月内，恢复期个体表现出比接种疫苗和未接受过 MPXV 的人更高的针对 MPXV 的中和抗体滴度。两组的中和抗体滴度在 8 个月时均显著下降。这项研究表明，需要额外的疫苗策略来引发持久的体液反应并防止突破性感染。