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Reciprocal relationships between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and positive and negative affect in evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-01 , DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000898 Peter L Rosencrans,Rosemary S W Walker,Alice E Coyne,Allison L Baier,Alexandra B Klein,Kathy Shekhtman,Alexandra R Bowling,Norah C Feeny,Lori A Zoellner
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-01 , DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000898 Peter L Rosencrans,Rosemary S W Walker,Alice E Coyne,Allison L Baier,Alexandra B Klein,Kathy Shekhtman,Alexandra R Bowling,Norah C Feeny,Lori A Zoellner
OBJECTIVE
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with elevated negative affect (NA; e.g., Badour et al., 2017) and diminished positive affect (PA; Nawijn et al., 2015). PTSD treatments reduce NA (e.g., Jerud et al., 2014), but changes in PA and relationships between changes in affect and PTSD symptoms remain unclear.
METHOD
This study examined changes in PA and NA in adults (N = 130) with PTSD receiving prolonged exposure (PE) or PE plus sertraline as part of a randomized controlled trial (NCT01600456). Participants completed measures of affect (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988) and PTSD symptoms at 10 weekly treatment sessions. Cross-lagged dynamic structural equation models examined associations between session-to-session fluctuations in affect and PTSD.
RESULTS
PA increased moderately (d = 0.51) and NA decreased strongly (d = 0.78) across treatment sessions. Within-person fluctuations in PA and NA were generally reciprocal, PAt → NAt+1: effect size (ES) = -0.09, 95% CI [-0.15, -0.02]; NAt → PAt+1: ES = -0.20, 95% CI [-0.28, -0.13]. However, fluctuations in PTSD more strongly predicted next session NA (PTSDt → NAt+1: ES = 0.50, 95% CI [0.38, 0.60]) and PA (PTSDt → PAt+1: ES = -0.26, 95% CI [-0.34, -0.17]) than the reverse. PE augmentation with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor did not moderate temporal associations.
CONCLUSIONS
Prolonged exposure produced substantial improvements in PA and NA. General affective changes may be more a consequence than a driver of PTSD improvement during PE, with improvements in NA and PA potentially linked to the extinction of negative emotional responses to trauma cues and increased engagement with rewarding activities, respectively. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
中文翻译:
创伤后应激障碍症状与创伤后应激障碍循证治疗中的积极和消极影响之间的相互关系。
目的 创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 与负面影响升高 (NA;例如,Badour 等人,2017 年) 和积极影响减弱 (PA;Nawijn et al., 2015)。PTSD 治疗可降低 NA (例如,Jerud et al., 2014),但 PA 的变化以及情感变化与 PTSD 症状之间的关系仍不清楚。方法 本研究检查了成人 (N = 130) PTSD 患者 (N = 130) 的 PA 和 NA 变化,作为随机对照试验 (NCT01600456) 的一部分,接受长时间暴露 (PE) 或 PE 加舍曲林。参与者完成了情感测量 (PANAS;Watson et al., 1988) 和 PTSD 症状。交叉滞后动态结构方程模型检查了影响与 PTSD 的会话间波动之间的关联。结果 PA 在治疗期间中度增加 (d = 0.51),NA 强烈下降 (d = 0.78)。PA和NA的体内波动通常是倒数的,PAt → NAt+1:效应量(ES) = -0.09, 95% CI [-0.15, -0.02];NAt → PAt+1: ES = -0.20, 95% CI [-0.28, -0.13]。然而,与相反的情况相比,PTSD 的波动更能预测下一次治疗 NA (PTSDt → NAt+1: ES = 0.50, 95% CI [0.38, 0.60])和 PA (PTSDt → PAt+1: ES = -0.26, 95% CI [-0.34, -0.17])。使用选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂的 PE 增强不会缓和时间关联。结论 长期暴露对 PA 和 NA 产生了实质性的改善。在 PE 期间,一般的情感变化可能更像是 PTSD 改善的结果而不是驱动力,NA 和 PA 的改善可能分别与对创伤线索的负面情绪反应的消除和对有益活动的参与度增加有关。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2024-09-01
中文翻译:
创伤后应激障碍症状与创伤后应激障碍循证治疗中的积极和消极影响之间的相互关系。
目的 创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 与负面影响升高 (NA;例如,Badour 等人,2017 年) 和积极影响减弱 (PA;Nawijn et al., 2015)。PTSD 治疗可降低 NA (例如,Jerud et al., 2014),但 PA 的变化以及情感变化与 PTSD 症状之间的关系仍不清楚。方法 本研究检查了成人 (N = 130) PTSD 患者 (N = 130) 的 PA 和 NA 变化,作为随机对照试验 (NCT01600456) 的一部分,接受长时间暴露 (PE) 或 PE 加舍曲林。参与者完成了情感测量 (PANAS;Watson et al., 1988) 和 PTSD 症状。交叉滞后动态结构方程模型检查了影响与 PTSD 的会话间波动之间的关联。结果 PA 在治疗期间中度增加 (d = 0.51),NA 强烈下降 (d = 0.78)。PA和NA的体内波动通常是倒数的,PAt → NAt+1:效应量(ES) = -0.09, 95% CI [-0.15, -0.02];NAt → PAt+1: ES = -0.20, 95% CI [-0.28, -0.13]。然而,与相反的情况相比,PTSD 的波动更能预测下一次治疗 NA (PTSDt → NAt+1: ES = 0.50, 95% CI [0.38, 0.60])和 PA (PTSDt → PAt+1: ES = -0.26, 95% CI [-0.34, -0.17])。使用选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂的 PE 增强不会缓和时间关联。结论 长期暴露对 PA 和 NA 产生了实质性的改善。在 PE 期间,一般的情感变化可能更像是 PTSD 改善的结果而不是驱动力,NA 和 PA 的改善可能分别与对创伤线索的负面情绪反应的消除和对有益活动的参与度增加有关。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。