Droplet-based nanogenerators, harnessing the dynamic interaction between droplets and tribo-layer surfaces for electricity generation, demonstrate substantial promise in nano-micro energy harvesting. However, conventional devices face limitations in charge and voltage outputs due to the constrained liquid-solid interface and intrinsic parasitic capacitance, resulting in comparatively low power density. Herein, regulated by heterogeneous wetting surfaces, the periodic squeezing of a 3D droplet to a 2D plate maximizes the effective interface for triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, leading to a remarkable charge density of ∼2.0 C m⁻³. Additionally, optimizing electrode configuration reduces parasitic capacitance and elevates output voltage by 80 folds. A recorded peak power density of 5,865 W m⁻³ is obtained, which is 48 times higher than previous works. Furthermore, the droplet’s non-Hookean elastic behavior extends the frequency response band by 89.3%, enabling small electronics to operate under micro-vibration conditions. This study offers valuable insights for efficient electric energy extraction from interfacial droplets.

中文翻译：

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基于界面液滴的摩擦纳米发电机，具有优化的结构，可实现高效的振动能量转换


基于液滴的纳米发电机利用液滴和摩擦层表面之间的动态相互作用进行发电，在纳米微能量收集方面显示出巨大的前景。然而，由于液固界面受限和固有寄生电容，传统器件在电荷和电压输出方面面临限制，导致功率密度相对较低。在此，受异质润湿表面的调节，3D 液滴周期性地挤压到 2D 板上，最大限度地提高了摩擦带电和静电感应的有效界面，从而产生了 ∼2.0 C ^m-3 的显着电荷密度。此外，优化电极配置可降低寄生电容，并将输出电压提高 80 倍。记录的峰值功率密度为 5,865 W ^m-3，比以前的工作高 48 倍。此外，液滴的非 Hookean 弹性行为将频率响应带扩展了 89.3%，使小型电子设备能够在微振动条件下运行。本研究为从界面液滴中高效提取电能提供了有价值的见解。