Background:Participation in recreational and competitive sports can predispose people to musculoskeletal injuries. Chronic overuse with insufficient recovery, overloading, and direct contact can result in acute primary tendon ruptures. There is scarce literature regarding the epidemiology of sports-related acute primary tendon ruptures in the United States (US).Purpose:To identify the incidence rate (IR) of sports-related acute primary tendon ruptures presenting to US emergency departments using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database and describe the trends in the IR from 2001 to 2020.Study Design:Descriptive epidemiology study.Methods:The NEISS database was queried using injury case narratives; cases with a clear diagnosis of an acute primary tendon rupture were included in the final analysis. National estimates, estimated IRs (reported as per 1,000,000 person-years at risk), and temporal trends in the annual IR (reported as average annual percent change) of acute primary tendon ruptures were calculated using NEISS sample estimates and US Census Bureau population estimates.Results:An estimated total of 141,382 patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 107,478-175,286) presented to US emergency departments with a sports-related tendon rupture over the study period (IR, 22.9 person-years at risk [95% CI, 17.4-28.3]). The mean age was 37.7 years (95% CI, 37.0-38.5). Of all cases of a tendon rupture identified from 2001 to 2020, 60.1% were secondary to exercise/sports-related injury mechanisms. An Achilles tendon rupture was the most common injury, representing 55.9% of cases. Basketball was the most common sports-related injury mechanism, accounting for 36.6% of cases. The overall injury rate in male patients was 7.7 times that of female patients (IR ratio, 7.7 [95% CI, 4.4-13.5]; P < .05). The annual incidence of all sports-related tendon ruptures in the US increased significantly from 2001 to 2020 (average annual percent change, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.0-2.8]; P < .01).Conclusion:Recreational/competitive sports participation accounted for a large proportion of acute primary tendon ruptures in the US during the study period.

中文翻译：

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美国急诊科就诊的运动相关肌腱断裂的流行病学


背景： 参加娱乐和竞技运动可使人易患肌肉骨骼损伤。慢性过度使用伴恢复不足、超负荷和直接接触可导致急性原发性肌腱断裂。关于美国 （US） 运动相关急性原发性肌腱断裂流行病学的文献很少。目的： 使用国家电子损伤监测系统 （NEISS） 数据库确定向美国急诊科就诊的运动相关急性原发性肌腱断裂的发生率 （IR），并描述 2001 年至 2020 年 IR 的趋势。方法： 使用伤害病例叙述查询 NEISS 数据库;明确诊断为急性原发性肌腱断裂的病例被纳入最终分析。使用 NEISS 样本估计和美国人口普查局人口估计计算国家估计值、估计 IR（每 1,000,000 人年风险报告）和急性原发性肌腱断裂年度 IR 的时间趋势（报告为平均年百分比变化）。结果： 在研究期间，估计共有 141,382 例患者 （95% 置信区间 [CI]，107,478-175,286 例）因运动相关肌腱断裂而在美国急诊科就诊 （IR，22.9 人年处于风险中 [95% CI，17.4-28.3]）。平均年龄为 37.7 岁 （95% CI，37.0-38.5）。在 2001 年至 2020 年发现的所有肌腱断裂病例中，60.1% 继发于运动/运动相关损伤机制。跟腱断裂是最常见的损伤，占病例的 55.9%。篮球是最常见的运动相关损伤机制，占病例的 36.6%。男性患者的总体损伤率为 7。是女性患者的 7 倍 （IR 比值，7.7 [95% CI，4.4-13.5];P < .05）.从 2001 年到 2020 年，美国所有运动相关肌腱断裂的年发生率显著增加（平均年百分比变化，1.9 [95% CI，1.0-2.8];P < .01）.结论： 在研究期间，娱乐/竞技运动参与在美国急性原发性肌腱断裂中占很大比例。