Biosensors could be used in vehicles to monitor driver alertness, detect impairment and gauge stress levels. However, measuring biomarkers, such as heart rate and respiration, without physical contact remains a challenge in these environments due to issues related to movement and external interference. Here we report a metamaterial biosensor that can capture cardiopulmonary signals in kinetic environments without being in contact with the body. Fabricated using digital embroidery, the biosensor can be integrated with a safety harness and can detect physiological motion through near-field interactions between wireless signals and the body. We show that the approach is capable of continuous, hour-long recording of heartbeat and respiration in an airline cabin simulator. We also show that the biosensor can operate in a moving car, and exhibits no degradation in accuracy compared with a stationary environment.

生物传感器可用于车辆中，以监测驾驶员的警觉性、检测损伤和测量压力水平。然而，由于与运动和外部干扰相关的问题，在这些环境中，在没有身体接触的情况下测量生物标志物（如心率和呼吸）仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们报道了一种超材料生物传感器，它可以在动力学环境中捕获心肺信号，而无需与身体接触。该生物传感器使用数字刺绣制成，可以与安全带集成，并可以通过无线信号与身体之间的近场交互来检测生理运动。我们表明该方法能够在航空公司机舱模拟器中连续、长达一小时地记录心跳和呼吸。我们还表明，生物传感器可以在移动的汽车中运行，并且与固定环境相比，精度不会降低。