Forecasting plant responses under global change is a critical but challenging endeavour. Despite seemingly idiosyncratic responses of species to global change, greater generalisation of ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ may emerge from considering how species functional traits influence responses and how these responses scale to the community level. Here, we synthesised six long‐term global change experiments combined with locally measured functional traits. We quantified the change in abundance and probability of establishment through time for 70 alpine plant species and then assessed if leaf and stature traits were predictive of species and community responses across nitrogen addition, snow addition and warming treatments. Overall, we found that plants with more resource‐acquisitive trait strategies increased in abundance but each global change factor was related to different functional strategies. Nitrogen addition favoured species with lower leaf nitrogen, snow addition favoured species with cheaply constructed leaves and warming showed few consistent trends. Community‐weighted mean changes in trait values in response to nitrogen addition, snow addition and warming were often different from species‐specific trait effects on abundance and establishment, reflecting in part the responses and traits of dominant species. Together, these results highlight that the effects of traits can differ by scale and response of interest.

中文翻译：

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高山植物对全球变化驱动因素的长期响应取决于功能特性


在全球变化下预测植物响应是一项关键但具有挑战性的工作。尽管物种对全球变化的反应似乎是特殊的，但通过考虑物种功能性状如何影响反应以及这些反应如何扩展到群落水平，可能会出现对“赢家”和“输家”的更普遍化。在这里，我们综合了六个长期全球变化实验，并结合了局部测量的功能性状。我们量化了 70 种高山植物物种的丰度和建立概率随时间的变化，然后评估了叶子和身材性状是否能预测物种和群落在氮添加、积雪添加和变暖处理中的反应。总体而言，我们发现具有更多资源获取性状策略的植物丰度增加，但每个全局变化因子都与不同的功能策略相关。氮添加偏爱叶片氮含量较低的物种，雪添加偏爱叶片结构廉价且变暖的物种，几乎没有一致的趋势。响应氮添加、积雪添加和变暖的性状值的群落加权平均变化通常与物种特异性性状对丰度和建立的影响不同，部分反映了优势物种的响应和特征。总之，这些结果突出表明，性状的效果可能因规模和感兴趣的响应而异。