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Distribution of evapotranspiration components along vertical layers and their controls in dry days of larch plantation in the Liupan Mountains of northwest China
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110265
Songping Yu, Zebin Liu, Jianbin Guo, Yanhui Wang, Pengtao Yu, Lihong Xu, Yubing Wang, Yang Chao

Precise quantification of forest evapotranspiration (ETf) including transpiration from tree (Tt), shrub (Ts), and herb (Th) layers, as well as evaporation from litter (El) and soil (Es) layers, and elucidating their responses to environmental conditions and stand structures are crucial for forest water management in water-limited forests. In this study, we observed the Tt, Ts, Th, El, and Es, reference evapotranspiration (ETo), soil volumetric water content (SWC), litter water content (LWC), leaf area index (LAI) in tree, shrub, and herb layers, and canopy shade (Ksc) from tree layer of the Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation during the dry days from May to October of 2021 and 2022 to elucidate the distribution of evapotranspiration along vertical layers and their environmental and structural determinants. The results indicated that the contributions of Tt, Ts, Th, El, and Es to ETf during the dry days in 2021 (2022) were 42.1 % (44.7 %), 9.2 % (8.1 %), 8.2 % (8.6 %), 15.0 % (13.1 %), and 25.5 % (25.5 %), respectively. Although Tt and Ts demonstrated quadratic relationships with ETo, Th, El, and Es exhibited linear relationships. All ETcs demonstrated a saturated exponential relationship with either SWC or LWC. Furthermore, Tt, Ts, and Th showed a saturated exponential relationship with their respective LAI, whereas El and Es exhibited a cubic relationship with LAI in tree layers. All understory ETcs (Ts, Th, El, and Es) decreased exponentially with the Ksc. The multi-factor models of evapotranspiration component (ETc) from different vertical layers, which coupled the impacts of environmental conditions and vertical structure, were developed, and provided superior accuracy (R2 = 0.78–0.88, NSE = 0.78–0.86, RSME = 0.03–0.16). Such insights deepened the understanding of vertical structural distribution and multi-factor responses of ETcs in forest ecosystems and hold the potential to inform and optimise forest water management strategies.

中文翻译:


西北六盘山落叶松人工林干旱天地蒸散分量沿垂直层分布及其控制



精确量化森林蒸散 (ETf),包括乔木 (Tt)、灌木 (Ts) 和草本 (Th) 层的蒸腾,以及凋落物 (El) 和土壤 (Es) 层的蒸发,并阐明它们对环境条件和林分结构的响应,对于水分受限的森林中的森林水分管理至关重要。本研究在 2021 年和 2022 年 5 月至 10 月的干旱天气期间观察了华北落叶松人工林乔木、灌木和草本层的 Tt、Ts、Th、El 和 Es、参考蒸散量 (ETo)、土壤体积含水量 (SWC)、凋落物含水量 (LWC)、叶面积指数 (LAI) 以及华北落叶松人工林乔木层的树冠遮荫 (Ksc),以阐明蒸散量沿垂直层的分布及其环境和结构决定因素。结果表明,2021 年(2022 年)干旱天数 Tt、Ts、Th、El 和 Es 对 ETf 的贡献分别为 42.1 % (44.7 %)、9.2 % (8.1 %)、8.2 % (8.6 %)、15.0 % (13.1 %) 和 25.5 % (25.5 %)。尽管 Tt 和 Ts 与 ETo 呈二次关系,但 Th、El 和 Es 表现出线性关系。所有 ETcs 都表现出与 SWC 或 LWC 的饱和指数关系。此外,Tt、Ts 和 Th 与各自的 LAI 呈饱和指数关系,而 El 和 Es 与树层中的 LAI 呈立方关系。所有林下 ETcs (Ts、Th、El 和 Es) 都随 Ksc 呈指数下降。开发了来自不同垂直层的蒸散分量 (ETc) 的多因素模型,该模型耦合了环境条件和垂直结构的影响,并提供了卓越的精度 (R2 = 0.78–0.88,NSE = 0.78–0.86,RSME = 0.03–0.16)。 这些见解加深了对森林生态系统中 ETcs 的垂直结构分布和多因素响应的理解,并具有为森林水资源管理策略提供信息和优化的潜力。
更新日期:2024-10-16
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