The 2022 flood events in Quetta, Pakistan, caused severe damage to the economy, properties, and lives. Therefore, flood risk mapping to identify flood-prone areas is essential for planners and decision-makers to take critical protective measures to control the effects of flooding. This study focuses on mapping flood-prone regions in the Quetta district of Pakistan using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and a geographic information system (GIS). The factors influencing flood used in the present study were topographic witness index (TWI), elevation, slope, land use, land cover, precipitation, stream distance, drainage density, and soil type. Weights and ranks were allocated separately to all factors through AHP and were interpreted in a GIS environment. The produced flood hazard model of the study area depicted four zones. These zones ranged from low (19.49%), moderate (43.34%), high (28.30%), to very high (8.87%). The model was further validated through previous flood events in the study area. Around 90% of flood hazard events in the past took place mainly in the produced model's very high and high zones, which is why the current model is reliable. Finally, integrating geospatial approaches with AHP in flood hazard mapping is a quick, reliable, and affordable method that may be utilized in the area.

2022 年巴基斯坦奎达的洪水事件对经济、财产和生活造成了严重破坏。因此，通过绘制洪水风险地图来识别洪水易发区域对于规划者和决策者采取关键的保护措施来控制洪水的影响至关重要。本研究的重点是使用分析层次结构过程 （AHP） 和地理信息系统 （GIS） 绘制巴基斯坦奎达区洪水易发地区的地图。本研究中使用的影响洪水的因素是地形见证指数 （TWI） 、高程、坡度、土地利用、土地覆盖、降水、溪流距离、排水密度和土壤类型。权重和等级通过 AHP 分别分配给所有因素，并在 GIS 环境中进行解释。研究区域生成的洪水灾害模型描绘了四个区域。这些区域范围从低 （19.49%）、中等 （43.34%）、高 （28.30%） 到非常高 （8.87%） 不等。该模型通过研究区域以前的洪水事件得到了进一步的验证。过去大约 90% 的洪水灾害事件主要发生在所生产模型的非常高的区域和高区域，这就是当前模型可靠的原因。最后，在洪水灾害测绘中将地理空间方法与 AHP 相结合是一种快速、可靠且经济实惠的方法，可以在该地区使用。