Research summarySituational crime prevention (SCP) is an environmental crime control perspective with enormous practical and policy relevance due to its practitioner‐friendly theoretical approach. This study examines whether SCP interventions reduce incident casualty outcomes in active shooter incidents. We used an inductive, open‐source data set of 555 active shooter and mass public shooting sites to study the applicability of SCP to active shooter and mass public violence. Our findings suggest a harm mitigation role for SCP: active shooter sites with stronger holistic SCP had fewer casualties. We assessed perpetrator motivation to test displacement, a core critique of SCP, and found that the harm mitigation potential of SCP persists even in the presence of a highly motivated offender.Policy summarySCP could be a practical and effective method to decrease casualties in the event of an active shooting, which is a highly motivated crime type that is difficult to predict and prevent. Public locations may select a range of appropriate SCP techniques based on individual resources and needs. The totality and interactions of these techniques may contribute to public safety in general, with diffuse benefits. This policy solution is highly oriented toward practice and real‐life application, and may be used to supplement existing preventative measures like threat assessment and gun legislation.

中文翻译：

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情境犯罪预防作为主动枪击事件的伤害减轻政策


研究摘要情境犯罪预防 （SCP） 是一种环境犯罪控制观点，由于其对从业者友好的理论方法，具有巨大的实践和政策相关性。本研究检查了 SCP 干预是否减少了主动枪击事件中的事故伤亡结果。我们使用了 555 个活跃枪击案和大规模公共枪击事件现场的归纳开源数据集来研究 SCP 对活跃枪击案和大规模公共暴力的适用性。我们的研究结果表明 SCP 具有减轻伤害的作用：具有更强整体 SCP 的活跃射击站点的伤亡人数较少。我们评估了肇事者测试流离失所的动机，这是对 SCP 的核心批评，发现即使在动机高度的罪犯在场的情况下，SCP 的伤害减轻潜力仍然存在。政策摘要SCP 可能是一种实用有效的方法，可以在发生主动枪击事件时减少伤亡，这是一种难以预测和预防的高度动机的犯罪类型。公共场所可以根据个人资源和需求选择一系列适当的 SCP 技术。这些技术的整体性和相互作用通常可能有助于公共安全，但好处会分散。该政策解决方案高度面向实践和现实生活应用，可用于补充现有的预防措施，如威胁评估和枪支立法。