In this study, urea/monoethanolamine (urea/MEA) as a novel ADES was synthesized to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of moso bamboo. The advantages between urea/MEA and other alkaline DESs pretreatment of moso bamboo were assessed, and the urea/MEA pretreatment conditions were optimized. ¹H NMR and density functional theory (DFT) analysis showed that medium strength hydrogen bonds were formed in urea/MEA solvent. Compared with ChCl-based ADESs pretreatment, urea/MEA pretreatment was more conducive to removing lignin and hemicelluloses based on its higher |α-β| value (2.98) and its significant component changes. Meanwhile, 92.73 % glucose yield was exhibited in the enzymatic hydrolysis of residue obtained from the optimum urea/MEA pretreatment conditions (80°C, 3 h). Crystallinity of the residue increased from 52.39 % to 67.22 %, and severe surface damage was observed, correlating with improved enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, urea/MEA was superior to many DES in terms of solvent economy, energy consumption and product. This novel urea/MEA solvent shows great potential for the industrial application.

中文翻译：

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在温和条件下使用尿素/MEA 溶剂对毛竹进行预处理以改善酶解


本研究合成了尿素/单乙醇胺 （urea/MEA） 作为一种新型 ADES，以增强毛竹的酶解作用。评价了毛竹尿素/MEA与其他碱性DESs预处理的优势，优化了尿素/MEA预处理条件。¹H NMR 和密度泛函理论 （DFT） 分析表明，尿素/MEA 溶剂中形成中等强度的氢键。与基于 ChCl 的 ADESs 预处理相比，尿素/MEA 预处理更有利于去除木质素和半纤维素，因为其 |α-β|值 （2.98） 及其重要组件更改。同时，在最佳尿素/MEA 预处理条件 （80°C， 3 h） 获得的残留物的酶促水解中表现出 92.73 % 的葡萄糖产率。残渣的结晶度从 52.39 % 增加到 67.22 %，并观察到严重的表面损伤，这与酶水解的改善有关。此外，尿素/MEA 在溶剂经济性、能耗和产品方面优于许多 DES。这种新型尿素/MEA 溶剂显示出巨大的工业应用潜力。