Recently, there has been increased attention to hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in the plastisphere. One particular genus, Alcanivorax, is reported in the biodegradation of several polymers in the literature. In this study, we further explored the role of Alcanivorax in the early colonization of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH), nylon 6/69, and a novel plastic B4PF01. Starting from enrichments of a one‐year experiment with a maximum relative abundance of 58.8% of Alcanivorax, two parallel experiments were set up. One experiment followed growth and activity during the first 21 days of plastic incubations, and the other followed the same parameters on the different material fractions of the plastics, such as leachables and pure polymer. For all plastic types, the highest microbial growth was associated with the total plastics compared to the other material fractions. A relative abundance of 62.7% of Alcanivorax in the nylon 6/69‐enriched community was observed. This, combined with data on activity, suggests that nylon 6/69 is potentially degraded by this genus. Two isolates were obtained, closely related to A. borkumensis SK2 and Alcanivorax sp. DG881. The activity and growth of the isolates as axenic cultures resemble their abundance in the community. In conclusion, this study contributes to the knowledge of the role of Alcanivorax in plastic‐enriched communities.

中文翻译：

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Alcanivorax 物种在定植各种塑料中的特化


最近，人们越来越关注塑料圈中的碳氢化合物碎屑细菌。一个特定的属 Alcanivorax 在文献中报道了几种聚合物的生物降解。在这项研究中，我们进一步探讨了 Alcanivorax 在聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基己酸酯）（PHBH）、尼龙 6/69 和新型塑料 B4PF01 的早期定植中的作用。从最大相对丰度为 58.8% 的 Alcanivorax 的一年实验的富集开始，建立了两个平行实验。一项实验跟踪塑料孵化前 21 天的生长和活动，另一项实验对塑料的不同材料部分（例如可浸出物和纯聚合物）遵循相同的参数。对于所有塑料类型，与其他材料组分相比，最高的微生物生长与总塑料相关。在富含尼龙 6/69 的群落中观察到 62.7% 的 Alcanivorax 的相对丰度。这与活性数据相结合，表明尼龙 6/69 可能被该属降解。获得 2 株分离株，与 A. borkumensis SK2 和 Alcanivorax sp. DG881 密切相关。作为 AXENIC 培养物的分离株的活动和生长类似于它们在群落中的丰富性。总之，这项研究有助于了解 Alcanivorax 在富含塑料的社区中的作用。