The vast growth and digitalization potential offered by the Internet of Things (IoT) is hindered by substantial barriers in accessibility, interoperability, and complexity, mainly affecting small organizations and non-technical entities. This survey paper provides a detailed overview of the landscape of IoT programming platforms, focusing specifically on the development support they offer for varying end-user profiles, ranging from developers with IoT expertise to business experts willing to take advantage of IoT solutions to automate their organization processes. The survey examines a range of IoT platforms, classified according to their programming approach between general-purpose programming solutions, model-driven programming, mashups and end-user programming. Necessary IoT and programming backgrounds are described to empower non-technical readers with a comprehensive field summary. In addition, the paper compares the features of the most representative platforms and provides decision insights and guidelines to support end-users in selecting appropriate IoT platforms for their use cases. This work contributes to narrowing the knowledge gap between IoT specialists and end users, breaking accessibility barriers and further promoting the integration of IoT technologies in various domains.

中文翻译：

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物联网编程平台调查：业务领域专家视角


物联网 （IoT） 提供的巨大增长和数字化潜力受到可访问性、互操作性和复杂性方面的巨大障碍的阻碍，主要影响小型组织和非技术实体。本调查报告详细概述了 IoT 编程平台的前景，特别关注它们为不同的最终用户配置文件提供的开发支持，从具有 IoT 专业知识的开发人员到愿意利用 IoT 解决方案实现组织流程自动化的业务专家。该调查研究了一系列 IoT 平台，根据其编程方法分为通用编程解决方案、模型驱动编程、mashup 和最终用户编程。描述了必要的 IoT 和编程背景，以便为非技术读者提供全面的领域总结。此外，本白皮书还比较了最具代表性的平台的功能，并提供了决策见解和指南，以支持最终用户为其使用案例选择合适的 IoT 平台。这项工作有助于缩小物联网专家和最终用户之间的知识差距，打破可访问性障碍，并进一步促进物联网技术在各个领域的整合。