The American Psychological Association (APA) released the second edition of the Inclusive Language Guide in late 2023. One aspect of this guide that was not updated from the previous version was the recommendation for authors to use either "White" or "European (nationality)" when "writing about people of European ancestry." In this commentary, we argue that "white" and "European" or "European American," for instance, are not terms that can or should be used interchangeably. Although most individuals racialized as white have European ancestry, it is generally not their ethnic heritage that is most impactful for their opportunities and experiences, but their perceived and ascribed inclusion in whiteness. Regardless of the research topic, employing the term "European (American)" rather than "white" obscures whiteness and the concomitant role of systemic racism shaping the lives of all individuals, including those racialized as white. Moreover, using the terms "white" and "European (American)" interchangeably implies that only people racialized as white can be European, masking the history and current reality of millions of Europeans of color. Labels that limit being European to those racialized as white perpetuate othering and uphold a hierarchy where being white is the only acceptable embodiment of being European. With racism on the rise in Europe, it is important for researchers to recognize the power of the language we use. We suggest that APA and scholars following APA style consider the implications of these terms and not use them interchangeably, as doing so reinforces inequity across the globe. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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White ≠ European （American）：对美国心理学会更新的包容性语言指南的评论。


美国心理学会 （APA） 于 2023 年底发布了第二版包容性语言指南。本指南中未与先前版本相比更新的一个方面是，建议作者在“撰写欧洲血统的人”时使用“白人”或“欧洲（国籍）”。在这篇评论中，我们认为“白人”和“欧洲人”或“欧洲美国人”等术语不能或应该互换使用。尽管大多数被种族化为白人的人都有欧洲血统，但通常对他们的机会和经历影响最大的不是他们的种族传统，而是他们感知和归因于白人的包容性。无论研究主题如何，使用“欧洲（美国）”而不是“白人”一词都掩盖了白人和系统性种族主义塑造所有人生活的伴随作用，包括那些被种族化为白人的人。此外，交替使用“白人”和“欧洲（美国）”这两个词意味着只有被种族化为白人的人才能成为欧洲人，掩盖了数百万欧洲有色人种的历史和现实。将欧洲人限制在被种族化为白人的标签上，延续了他者化，并维护了一种等级制度，在这种等级制度中，白人是欧洲人唯一可接受的体现。随着种族主义在欧洲的抬头，研究人员必须认识到我们使用的语言的力量。我们建议 APA 和遵循 APA 风格的学者考虑这些术语的含义，不要互换使用它们，因为这样做会加剧全球的不平等。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。