A recent report has identified a population of brain-enriched myelin-associated protein 1 (BCAS1)-expressing oligodendrocytes in the cerebral cortex that seem to contribute to remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). Analysis of cortical tissue from patients in the early stages of MS and mouse models of demyelination revealed that BCAS1⁺ oligodendrocytes were abundant and adopted an activated, myelinating morphology in response to a demyelinating event. In patients with chronic MS, however, the numbers of cortical BCAS1⁺ oligodendrocytes were reduced, which might help to explain why remyelination fails in the later stages of the disease.

中文翻译：

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BCAS1+ 少突胶质细胞有助于 MS 中的髓鞘再生

最近的一份报告在大脑皮层中发现了一群富含脑的髓鞘相关蛋白 1 （BCAS1） 表达的少突胶质细胞，这似乎有助于多发性硬化症 （MS） 的髓鞘再生。对 MS 早期患者的皮质组织和脱髓鞘小鼠模型的分析显示，BCAS1 ⁺ 少突胶质细胞丰富，并采用活化的髓鞘形态来响应脱髓鞘事件。然而，在慢性 MS 患者中，皮质 BCAS1⁺ 少突胶质细胞的数量减少，这可能有助于解释为什么髓鞘再生在疾病的后期失败。