Aquatic display, which forms a floating image in water without a screen, used in behavioral experiments of aquatic organisms as optical stimuli, and accurately determining the imaging position in the water is important for aquatic display. We derive a formula for the imaging distance of an aquatic image by an aquatic display, including both the thickness and refractive index of the water tank by using paraxial approximation. To examine the accuracy of the derived theoretical formula, the imaging distances are estimated at various imaging distances. Our theoretical formula is measured to have 4% error by comparing with experimental results.

中文翻译：

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通过近轴近似获得的水生显示器形成的水生图像的成像距离

水生显示在没有屏幕的情况下在水中形成漂浮图像，用于水生生物的行为实验作为光学刺激，准确确定水中成像位置对于水生显示非常重要。我们推导出了水生显示器成像距离的公式，包括水槽的厚度和折射率，方法是使用近轴近似。为了检验推导的理论公式的准确性，在各种成像距离下估计了成像距离。通过与实验结果进行比较，我们的理论公式测量出有 4% 的误差。