Home-to-Work (H2W) commuting travel, together with urbanization and transport networks, have seen significant development since the end of the 19th century in both workers’ lives and transport network traffic. The attraction of metropolitan areas and the ease of transport have even triggered long-distance commuting, sometimes in conjunction with overnighting practices that extend the commuting tours (or cycles) beyond the single day level. Based on the French nationwide household travel survey of 2019, this article gives a comprehensive description of commuting practices across origin-destination distances and over time, as experienced by individual workers at the monthly level. Commuting rhythms are characterized in terms of commuting cycle length in days and monthly frequency. Four typical patterns are identified: namely bi-daily, full daily, mono-daily and overnighting. Their respective shares are measured in the statistical populations of (i) workers, (ii) days of life or just at work, (iii) distances travelled on modal networks. Elementary discrete-choice models of H2W rhythm choice are designed and estimated, revealing the influence of travel impedance in terms of time and distance at the level of one-way trips for short-range H2W commuting and at the level of monthly budgets for long-range H2W commuting. Lastly, the shares of commuting trips in modal traffic on road and rail networks are measured, highlighting the significant impact of long-distance commuting on transport-related GHG emissions.

自 19 世纪末以来，上班 （H2W） 通勤出行以及城市化和交通网络在工人生活和交通网络交通方面都取得了重大发展。大都市地区的吸引力和交通便利甚至引发了长途通勤，有时还伴随着通宵做法，将通勤旅行（或自行车）延长到单日水平之外。根据 2019 年法国全国家庭旅行调查，本文全面描述了不同起点-目的地距离和随时间变化的通勤习惯，正如每个工人在月度层面所经历的那样。通勤节奏的特征是通勤周期长度（以天为单位）和每月频率。确定了四种典型的模式：即每日双餐、每日完整餐、每日单餐和过夜。它们各自的份额是在 （i） 工人、（ii） 生活天数或仅在工作中、（iii） 在多式联运网络上行驶的距离的统计人群中衡量的。设计和估计了 H2W 节奏选择的基本离散选择模型，揭示了短距离 H2W 通勤单向出行水平和长途 H2W 通勤每月预算水平上旅行阻抗在时间和距离方面的影响。最后，测量了通勤出行在公路和铁路网络多式联运中的份额，强调了长途通勤对交通相关温室气体排放的重大影响。