INTRODUCTIONThis study examines the role of lifestyle factors in cognitive reserve among older adults, focusing on the moderating effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status.METHODSData from 157 participants aged 45 and older from the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) were analyzed. Cognitive reserve was estimated using residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests after accounting for brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Lifestyle factors included education, occupational attainment, physical activity, social engagement, diet, and mindfulness. Structural equation models were conducted to assess interactions.RESULTSSignificant interactions were found between APOE ε4 status and mindfulness and social engagement on cognitive reserve, indicating stronger associations for APOE ε4 carriers.DISCUSSIONAPOE ε4 carriers may benefit more from certain lifestyle factors, potentially through stress reduction and anti‐inflammatory pathways. These findings support integrating APOE ε4 genetic screening into personalized prevention strategies to enhance interventions aimed at preserving cognitive function and delaying dementia onset in at‐risk populations.Highlights Mindfulness and social engagement have increased cognitive reserve in APOE ε4 carriers. Study uses residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests to estimate cognitive reserve. APOE ε4 carriers show stronger associations with certain lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve. Personalized interventions could enhance cognitive resilience in genetically at‐risk populations. Comprehensive assessment of multiple lifestyle factors highlights targeted intervention benefits.

中文翻译：

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APOE ε4 携带者状态调节生活方式因素对认知储备的影响


引言该研究考察了生活方式因素在老年人认知储备中的作用，重点是载脂蛋白 E （APOE） ε4 状态的调节作用。方法分析了来自健康大脑倡议 （HBI） 的 157 名 45 岁及以上参与者的数据。在考虑了脑萎缩和白质高信号 （WMH） 后，使用 Cognivue Clarity 测试的残差分数估计认知储备。生活方式因素包括教育、职业成就、身体活动、社交参与、饮食和正念。进行结构方程模型以评估相互作用。结果发现 APOE ε4 状态与正念和认知储备的社会参与之间存在明显的相互作用，表明 APOE ε4 携带者具有更强的相关性。讨论APOE ε4 携带者可能更多地受益于某些生活方式因素，可能是通过减轻压力和抗炎途径。这些发现支持将 APOE ε4 基因筛查整合到个性化预防策略中，以加强旨在保护认知功能和延缓高危人群痴呆发作的干预措施。亮点 正念和社交参与增加了 APOE ε4 携带者的认知储备。研究使用 Cognivue Clarity 测试的残差分数来估计认知储备。APOE ε4 携带者与认知储备的某些生活方式因素表现出更强的相关性。个性化干预可以增强遗传高危人群的认知弹性。对多种生活方式因素的全面评估突出了有针对性的干预益处。