Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have made it possible for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to live a lifespan approaching that of people without HIV, without progressing to AIDS or transmitting HIV to sexual partners or infants. There is, therefore, increasing emphasis on maintaining health throughout the lifespan. To receive optimal medical care and achieve desired outcomes, persons with HIV must be consistently engaged in care and able to access uninterrupted treatment, including ART. Comprehensive evidence-based HIV primary care guidance is, therefore, more important than ever. Creating a patient-centered, stigma-free care environment is essential for care engagement. Barriers to care must be decreased at the societal, health system, clinic, and individual levels. As the population ages and noncommunicable diseases arise, providing comprehensive health care for persons with HIV becomes increasingly complex, including management of multiple comorbidities and the associated challenges of polypharmacy, while also attending to HIV-specific health concerns. Clinicians must address issues specific to preventive health, including cancer screening, providing recommended vaccinations, as well as promoting sexual health, including sexually transmitted infection diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Clinicians also must address issues for specific populations, including persons of childbearing potential, including during preconception and pregnancy; children; adolescents; and transgender and gender-diverse individuals. This guidance from an expert panel of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America updates the previous 2020 HIV Primary Care Guidance.

中文翻译：

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美国传染病学会 HIV 医学协会 （HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America） 为人类免疫缺陷病毒患者提供护理提供者的初级保健指南：2024 年最新情况


抗逆转录病毒疗法 （ART） 的进步使人类免疫缺陷病毒 （HIV） 患者的寿命接近未感染 HIV 的人，而不会发展为艾滋病或将 HIV 传播给性伴侣或婴儿。因此，人们越来越强调在整个生命周期中保持健康。为了获得最佳医疗护理并达到预期结果，HIV 感染者必须始终如一地接受护理，并能够获得不间断的治疗，包括 ART。因此，全面的循证 HIV 初级保健指导比以往任何时候都更加重要。创造一个以患者为中心、无耻辱感的护理环境对于护理参与至关重要。必须在社会、卫生系统、诊所和个人层面减少护理障碍。随着人口老龄化和非传染性疾病的出现，为 HIV 感染者提供全面的医疗保健变得越来越复杂，包括管理多种合并症和多药治疗带来的相关挑战，同时还要关注 HIV 特有的健康问题。临床医生必须解决预防性健康的特定问题，包括癌症筛查、提供推荐的疫苗接种以及促进性健康，包括性传播感染的诊断、治疗和预防。临床医生还必须解决特定人群的问题，包括有生育能力的人，包括孕前和怀孕期间的问题;孩子;青少年;以及跨性别者和性别多元化个体。该指南来自美国传染病学会 HIV 医学协会专家小组，更新了之前的 2020 年 HIV 初级保健指南。