Cell-mimicking nanoreactors with fascinating physicochemical properties have attracted impressive interest in sustainable catalysis, energy conversion, environmental remediation, and synthetic biology applications. Hollow covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are ideal candidates for rational construction of artificial nanoreactors owing to their high-order crystalline structure, well-defined cavity with permeable shells, tailorable chemical structures, and easy functionalization. The current review paper aims to present a comprehensive summary of the precise synthetic chemistry of hollow COF nanoreactors as well as their latest advancements in energy conversion and environmental molecule processing. Initially, we expound the definition of nanoreactor and highlight the fundamental properties of hollow COF nanoreactors. Subsequently, a detailed summary and discussion are presented in terms of the molecular-level synthesis strategies of these nanoreactors, providing a detailed analysis of the formation mechanisms reported to date. Following this, we present the significant achievements towards photo/electrocatalysis applications based on the unique features and structure-activity relationship of hollow COF nanoreactors. Lastly, we look ahead the development challenges and provide the perspective for the potential directions in future research.

中文翻译：

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用于可持续光/电化学催化的空心共价有机框架 （COF） 纳米反应器


具有迷人物理化学特性的模拟细胞纳米反应器在可持续催化、能源转换、环境修复和合成生物学应用中引起了浓厚的兴趣。空心共价有机框架 （COFs） 因其高阶晶体结构、具有可渗透壳的明确空腔、可定制的化学结构和易于功能化而成为合理构建人工纳米反应器的理想选择。本综述论文旨在全面总结空心 COF 纳米反应器的精确合成化学及其在能量转换和环境分子加工方面的最新进展。首先，我们阐述了纳米反应器的定义并强调了空心 COF 纳米反应器的基本特性。随后，根据这些纳米反应器的分子水平合成策略进行了详细的总结和讨论，详细分析了迄今为止报道的形成机制。在此之后，我们基于空心 COF 纳米反应器的独特特性和构效关系，介绍了光/电催化应用的重要成就。最后，我们展望了发展挑战，并为未来研究的潜在方向提供了前景。