OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association between device-measured sleep regularity and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a population-based sample of adults. We also examined if meeting sleep duration recommendations attenuated or eliminated the effects of irregular sleep on T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of adults aged 40–79 years participating in the UK Biobank accelerometer substudy. Participants wore wrist-attached accelerometers for a duration of 7 days, which was used to compute the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI). Participants were categorized as irregular (SRI <71.6), moderately irregular (SRI between 71.6 and 87.3), and regular (SRI >87.3) sleepers. T2D diagnosis was obtained through self-reports and health records. RESULTS We analyzed data from 73,630 individuals observed for 8 years, without a history of T2D and without an event in the first year of follow-up. Compared with regular sleepers, irregular (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38; 95% CI 1.20–1.59) and moderately irregular sleepers (HR 1.35; 95% CI 1.19–1.53) were at higher risk of T2D incidence. Dose-response analyses treating SRI as a continuous measure showed higher T2D incidence with SRI scores <80. Meeting current sleep duration recommendations did not counteract the adverse effects of irregular (HR 1.35; 95% CI 1.09–1.66) or moderately irregular (HR 1.29; 95% CI 1.08–1.54) sleep on T2D incidence. CONCLUSIONS Moderate and high sleep irregularity were deleteriously associated with T2D risk, even in participants who slept ≥7 h per night. Future sleep interventions will need to pay more attention to consistency in bedtimes and wake-up times, in addition to sleep duration and quality.

中文翻译：

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睡眠不规律和 2 型糖尿病的发病率：一项基于设备的成人前瞻性研究


目的 前瞻性检查设备测量的睡眠规律与 2 型糖尿病 （T2D） 发病率之间的关联，在基于人群的成人样本中。我们还研究了满足睡眠持续时间建议是否减轻或消除了不规则睡眠对 T2D 的影响。研究设计和方法我们对参与英国生物样本库加速度计子研究的 40-79 岁成年人进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。参与者佩戴腕戴式加速度计 7 天，用于计算睡眠规律指数 （SRI）。参与者被分为不规则 （SRI <71.6）、中度不规则 （SRI 在 71.6 和 87.3 之间） 和正常 （SRI >87.3） 睡眠者。T2D 诊断是通过自我报告和健康记录获得的。结果我们分析了 73,630 名观察了 8 年的个体的数据，这些个体没有 T2D 病史，并且在随访的第一年没有事件。与正常睡眠者相比，不规则睡眠者 （HR 1.38;95% CI 1.20-1.59） 和中度不规则睡眠者 （HR 1.35;95% CI 1.19-1.53） 发生 T2D 的风险更高。将 SRI 作为连续测量的剂量反应分析显示，SRI 评分 <80 的 T2D 发生率更高。满足当前的睡眠时间建议并不能抵消不规则 （HR 1.35;95% CI 1.09-1.66） 或中度不规则 （HR 1.29;95% CI 1.08-1.54） 睡眠对 T2D 发病率的不利影响。结论 中度和高度睡眠不规则与 T2D 风险有害相关，即使在每晚睡眠 ≥7 h 的参与者中也是如此。除了睡眠时间和质量外，未来的睡眠干预还需要更加注意就寝时间和起床时间的一致性。