Waterlogging during the anthesis, exacerbated by continuous rainy weather and heavy soil, has become a primary limiting factor affecting wheat yield in southern China's rice‐wheat rotation regions. Previous research indicates that utilizing exogenous 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BA) can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of continuous rain on wheat yield, while the fundamental process is yet to be fully understood. In this research, two wheat varieties with contrasting waterlogging sensitivities were selected, which were exposed to waterlogging and shading for 7, 11, and 15 days after anthesis. Subsequently, three different concentrations of 6‐BA solution (15, 25, and 35 mg L−1) were applied through spraying. The application of 6‐BA significantly increased the total soluble sugar and starch content in grains during the filling process, as well as enhanced the activities of starch synthesis‐related enzymes: sucrose synthase (SuS, EC 2.4.1.13), ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase, EC 2.7.7.21), and starch phosphorylase (Pho, EC 2.4.1.1). Moreover, the application of 6‐BA notably enhanced the transfer and transport rate for non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC) in the stem and sheath. It resulted in a notable increase in the distribution ratio of dry matter in the grain, ultimately leading to higher grain weight and yield. Applying 6‐BA through spraying mitigated the adverse effects of waterlogging and shading on starch accumulation and dry matter transport in grains, thereby improving grain weight. The most effective concentration in this experiment was 25 mg L−1.

中文翻译：

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6-苄氨基嘌呤对小麦 （Triticum aestivum L.） 的调节开花后涝渍和遮荫下的粒重


开花期的内涝，加上持续的多雨天气和厚重的土壤，已成为影响南方稻麦轮作区小麦产量的主要限制因素。先前的研究表明，利用外源性 6-苄氨基嘌呤 （6-BA） 可以有效缓解连续降雨对小麦产量的不利影响，但其基本过程尚未完全了解。在这项研究中，选择了两个具有对比涝敏感性的小麦品种，它们在开花后 7 、 11 和 15 天暴露在涝涝和遮荫下。随后，通过喷雾施用三种不同浓度的 6-BA 溶液（15、25 和 35 mg L-1）。在填充过程中，6-BA 的应用显着增加了谷物中的总可溶性糖和淀粉含量，并增强了淀粉合成相关酶的活性：蔗糖合酶 （SuS， EC 2.4.1.13）、ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶 （AGPase， EC 2.7.7.21） 和淀粉磷酸化酶 （Pho， EC 2.4.1.1）。此外，6-BA 的应用显着提高了茎和鞘中非结构性碳水化合物 （NSC） 的转移和转运速率。它导致谷物中干物质的分配比例显着增加，最终导致更高的谷物重量和产量。通过喷洒施用 6-BA 减轻了涝渍和遮荫对籽粒中淀粉积累和干物质运输的不利影响，从而提高了籽粒重量。本实验中的最有效浓度为 25 mg L-1。