Research summaryThis study provides a rigorous assessment of the public safety benefits of pretrial detention by estimating the criminogenic and punitive effects of spending at least 1 week in pretrial detention across three jail systems in two states. We use a doubly robust difference‐in‐differences design to show that pretrial detention increases the odds for someone to miss a court appearance or be arrested by roughly 50% and increases the odds of convictions by 36%. This evidence was support by a series of supplemental analyses demonstrating that spending more than 1 day and spending more than 3 days in pretrial detention increased the odds of negative pretrial outcomes compared to someone who was booked and released from jail. The findings of this study provide evidence that pretrial detention can be counterproductive to public safety in that it leads to increased likelihood that individuals will miss court and be arrested for new crimes.Policy implicationsJails are a unique criminal justice contact point because they hold individuals at different stages of case processing, including individuals awaiting trial, and those serving shorter sentences or waiting to be transferred to prison. Pretrial release is arguably one of the most consequential decisions in case processing for an individual. Combining our findings with the punitive and collateral effects of time spent in pretrial detention signals a need for policies to identify effective methods of release that maximize liberty, safety, and equity and minimize the criminogenic effects of pretrial detention. Jails are inhabited with pretrial detainees, detention makes outcomes worse for these detainees, and detention does not deliver on public safety as intended. We argue that a more limited and targeted use of pretrial detention is needed and more research attention on alternatives to pretrial detention.

中文翻译：

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被关押并等待审判：测试审前羁押一周或更长时间的犯罪和惩罚影响


研究摘要本研究通过估计在两个州的三个监狱系统中进行至少 1 周的审前拘留的犯罪和惩罚影响，对审前拘留的公共安全益处进行了严格评估。我们使用双重稳健的双重差分设计来表明，审前拘留使某人错过出庭或被捕的几率增加了大约 50%，定罪的几率增加了 36%。这一证据得到了一系列补充分析的支持，表明与被预订和出狱的人相比，在审前拘留中度过超过 1 天和超过 3 天增加了审前负面结果的几率。这项研究的结果提供了证据，表明审前拘留可能对公共安全适得其反，因为它导致个人缺席法庭并因新罪行而被捕的可能性增加。政策影响监狱是一个独特的刑事司法联络点，因为它们关押处于案件处理不同阶段的个人，包括等待审判的个人，以及服刑较短或等待转入监狱的个人。审前释放可以说是个人案件处理中最重要的决定之一。将我们的研究结果与审前羁押时间的惩罚性和附带影响相结合，表明需要制定政策来确定有效的释放方法，以最大限度地提高自由、安全和公平，并最大限度地减少审前羁押的犯罪影响。监狱里住着审前羁押者，拘留使这些被拘留者的结局变得更糟，拘留并不能如预期的那样保护公共安全。 我们认为，需要更有限和有针对性地使用审前拘留，并更多地关注审前拘留的替代方案。